We continue the series of articles about a very common problem for beginning entrepreneurs - where to get start-up capital? Previously, we have already touched upon such a group of investors as in more detail. In this article we will talk about another source of attracting investment - subsidies. This option is suitable for those entrepreneurs who need a very small amount to start their business.
It is quite possible to start your own business even if you have no financial resources and no chance of getting a bank loan. The self-employment program has been running for several years and is aimed at helping low-income citizens of working age become self-sufficient. This option for financing your own business is more likely to support forced entrepreneurship, a very small business. Of course, receiving a subsidy is not the easiest way, but in many cases it is a very realistic and reasonable way to realize your business idea. Moreover, unlike a credit or loan, the paid subsidy is free of charge.
58,800 rubles is the maximum amount of subsidy that can be received under the program of assistance in organizing a business for unemployed citizens.
58,800 = 4900 * 12 months, where 4900 is the maximum amount of unemployment benefits for one month.
The meaning of the subsidy is that an unemployed citizen who wants to open his own business, subject to a number of certain conditions, will receive a lump sum annual benefit. In addition to 58,800 rubles, no more than 4,500 rubles are allocated to reimburse the costs of registering a legal entity or individual entrepreneur. This compensation is transferred only upon registration and submission of documents to the employment center, i.e. Initially you should have this amount on hand.
The requirements for a citizen are listed on the employment center website. If you fit them then
THE PROCEDURE IS FOLLOWING:
1. Take an application to the Employment Center for registration as unemployed and a list of documents that you will need to bring.
2. Register for unemployment at the Employment Center of your district/city.
3. Get recommendations from a specialist at the Employment Center for state registration as a legal entity, individual entrepreneur or farm.
4. You will need to complete a survey and training in order to further participate in this program. Training, of course, is a big word. You will be required to attend seminars that tell you how to run a business in general terms, and at these seminars they will explain to you how to prepare to receive this subsidy. The survey is carried out in order to find out whether you are a sane person or not.
5. Receive two referrals from the Employment Center to potential employers and receive two refusals from them within three days.
6. Repeat step 5 until the eleventh day from the date of your first contact with the central control center.
7. Open a personal account with Sberbank.
8. On the eleventh day from the moment of the first application to the Employment Center, upon receipt of refusals for employment (as a rule, these are 4-6 refusals), the citizen is assigned the status of unemployed.
9. Develop a plan for the implementation of your business idea (business plan) with a description of the planned type of activity, organization of sales of manufactured products, provision of services, performance of work, taxation system, calculation of profitability, as well as calculation of the necessary costs, indicating the sources of their repayment and the deadline implementation for at least 12 months.
See how to make a business plan.
10. Bring a business plan for future activities and an application for a subsidy to the Center for Significance (you can only bring it in printed form - they do not accept electronic ones, so that the system does not crash) for consideration by the commission (up to 20 days).
11. Every two weeks, come to the Central Employment Center to take two new referrals to potential employers and return two previous refusals
12. Repeat this procedure until you sign an agreement with the CZN to receive a subsidy. ATTENTION! Before you receive a notification and enter into an agreement with the Employment Center, do not register an individual entrepreneur or LLC!
13. Defend your business plan (feasibility study) to the commission. If you did it yourself, then it will not be difficult for you to answer all the questions of the certification commission. The duration of protection is approximately 5-7 minutes. The commission has already prepared and studied all the business plans of the applicants invited to defend their projects. Therefore, the defense consists of answers to several questions asked by the commission.
14. Subject to the acceptance of the business plan (feasibility study) by the commission and the availability of funds in the TsZN account for this program, you will approach the stage of signing an agreement “on receiving funds for the development of small businesses and self-employment of unemployed citizens.”
15. Receive funds to your personal account.
16. In a month, you will need to report to the central control center about the funds spent.
As you can see, the procedure is not easy and requires compliance with many formalities. In addition, fulfilling all of the above conditions does not guarantee receipt of a subsidy. The advantage is on the side of citizens who have been registered with the Central Election Commission for a long time. This year it will not be possible to receive a subsidy, since the allocated funds have already been distributed among applicants who have defended their business plans. Despite the complexity of this path, the Labor Center continues to receive applications from the unemployed to receive 58,800 rubles. Try it if this path suits you.
Please note that it is advisable to offer a simple and understandable business idea. The commission members should also be well versed in the subject matter of your proposed business.
If you propose something new or unusual, you run the risk that the commission simply will not be able to evaluate your idea and, accordingly, your idea may not be put into practice. Be careful with ideas such as online business (online store, online business, etc.).
The following business ideas are definitely not accepted for consideration:
- related to trading on the stock exchange (currency, stocks, commodity exchanges);
- where MLM is present;
- alcohol-related;
- opening a pawnshop.
Important! Please remember that the subsidy you receive is subject to taxes in accordance with the tax regime you chose when registering your business. You will also need to stay in your intended business for at least a year from the date of receiving the subsidy under the self-employment program. About thoughts to get money and use it for other purposes. In any case, you will have to purchase equipment for the WHOLE amount of 58,800 rubles. You won't be able to take any of this money in cash.
I would also like to note that you can receive the amount of 58,800 rubles in the central bank twice. The second time is when you employ an officially unemployed person in your business. In other words, if you received the first 58,800 rubles, founded a business and hired an unemployed person, then the employment center will pay you another 58,800 rubles. If there are two employees, then two subsidies, etc. But such a program is valid only for individual entrepreneurs, not for LLCs.
This option is only suitable if you have actually created a working business that generates income! Since in this case (when other people will officially work for you), you will have to seriously report to the tax office, pay your employees wages, make payments for them to the Russian Pension Fund, social insurance, etc. Decide for yourself, either this kind of government assistance on a free basis, or a faster loan, but with interest.
In this material:
Does the Employment Center give out money to start a business? In 2019-2020, projects that provided financial assistance to small businesses were discontinued in almost all Russian regions. Meanwhile, in some regions of the Russian Federation they continue to allocate money from the Employment Center in favor of those wishing to start their own business. But you can still get money from the labor exchange to register a business.
Who is entitled to a subsidy from the Employment Center?
The state program “Assistance to Beginning Entrepreneurs” is designed to provide financial support to the unemployed in starting their own business.
In order to support entrepreneurial activity in some regions, you can receive small start-up capital to start your own business from the Employment Center. The subsidy amount is 58,800 rubles. and allows you to cover part of the initial costs of your business. Typically, the amount of the required subsidy is calculated as the annual amount of unemployment benefits. But since the allowance has not been indexed for several years, the amount of the subsidy for beginning businessmen has remained the same.
The state will not lose much from the subsidy program. Almost all funds spent in favor of the businessman will be returned to him in the form of taxes. So, only to the Pension Fund for 2 years of doing business an entrepreneur will need to pay at least 50,000 rubles. This does not count taxes on income received and contributions for employees to extra-budgetary funds.
In order to participate in this state program, you must have a desire to open your own business, an understanding of your preferred industry, and official unemployed status.
In addition to financial assistance, the state is ready to provide legal support, teach the basics of entrepreneurship, and even help in renting an office at prices below the market average.
It is worth considering that you do not need to register an individual entrepreneur until you receive a notification that you have been allocated a subsidy.
In some regions, subsidies in the amount of 58,800 rubles. are not provided, but you can demand compensation from the Employment Center for the costs of registering an individual entrepreneur or LLC. They include state duty (800 rubles for individual entrepreneurs and 4,000 rubles for LLCs), production of a seal (about 500-1,000 rubles), opening a current account (from 1,000 rubles), etc.
The procedure for applying for a subsidy from the Employment Center
The first thing you need to do is contact your local Job Center and find out if they have a program to support small businesses in the form of subsidizing part of the initial costs.
Businessmen who have already been able to receive assistance from the state are advised to apply for money at the beginning of the year.
This is due to the fact that the region may have a limited budget for subsidies (for example, a limit may be set that allows no more than 10 subsidies to be allocated per year).
If you are aiming to receive help from the state, then you need to register as unemployed. You may be denied registration if you fall into one of the following categories: are on maternity leave; already have the status of an individual entrepreneur; work under an employment contract; undergo military service; you are a pensioner or a student; under 16 years of age, etc.
To obtain unemployed status, you will need an application for registration, a passport, Taxpayer Identification Number, educational document, work record book, SNILS and a salary certificate from your last place of work. If you have not worked anywhere before, then you will only be required to provide an education document and a passport. Please note that it may take 1-2 weeks from the moment you apply until you receive unemployed status.
Then inform the labor exchange specialists about your desire to engage in entrepreneurial activity. You will be able to take a special course in which you will be taught the economic and legal aspects of running your own business, and will be told about current state support programs for small businesses and the specifics of the individual entrepreneur registration procedure.
To receive a subsidy from the Employment Center, you will need a business plan. You can do it yourself, order it from a specialized company, or seek help from a regional entrepreneurship support center.
The business plan must contain a description of the project being implemented, a marketing analysis of the market, a description of sales markets, calculation of key financial indicators (profitability, required capital expenditures and projected revenue) for 12-24 months.
If the submitted business plan is approved, a subsidy agreement will be concluded with you.
The procedure for receiving assistance from the labor exchange takes in practice from 1 month to six months.
After registering an individual entrepreneur, you will need to report on the use of received budget funds. Invoices, cash registers and sales receipts are suitable as supporting documents. Expenses must be related to running your business and aimed at making a profit. The entrepreneur is given 3 months to submit the report after the money is transferred to his account.
All expenses incurred must be included in the business plan. But if during the audit it becomes known about inappropriate expenses, the entire amount of the subsidy will need to be returned.
You will also need payment documents confirming the costs incurred for registering an individual entrepreneur. They will be compensated from the budget.
How to increase your chances of receiving a subsidy
Socially significant areas of business have priority rights to government assistance. We are talking about household services, the catering sector, the manufacturing industry, agriculture, transport services, etc. But getting money to open a retail outlet will be very problematic.
Also significantly increasing the chances of subsidy approval is an indication that the business involves creating jobs. Moreover, if, after opening your individual entrepreneur or LLC, you hire another unemployed person, then you are entitled to an additional 58,800 rubles.
The project business plan must meet a number of criteria:
- small business must be economically attractive and break even;
- It’s better to indicate in it that you plan to attract several employees (they won’t check this anyway);
- the ratio between your own and borrowed funds should be about 1 to 2 or 1 to 3 (if you indicate that you plan to invest 5,000 rubles from your own funds and receive 58 thousand rubles as a subsidy, then you will probably be refused);
- indicate that it is planned to purchase fixed assets or tangible assets (car, computer, tools, etc.) with government funds; this is better than if you spend it on any services (office rent or advertising).
If subsidies are not provided to entrepreneurs in the region, you can try to participate in various competitions for small businesses and try to get a grant to open one. Innovative projects or socially oriented areas are considered priorities for the state.
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Business plans
Subsidy from the labor exchange
If you want to open a store selling alcohol, a pawnshop, a microcredit service, etc., you should not count on the help of the Employment Center.
Article navigation
- Business plan form
- Protection of a business plan at the Employment Center
- Sample business plan for receiving a subsidy
- Business plan for a hair salon
- Freight business plan
- Business plan for a manicure salon with calculations
A subsidy from the Employment Center allows you to receive up to 300 thousand rubles to open your own business. To do this, you must meet a number of conditions, as well as draw up a competent business plan. It is on this basis that the decision is made whether to give you money or not. This money is free financial assistance that does not need to be returned, even if nothing happens with the business. And since the state does not like to give money just like that, and they demand results from officials, they usually pay close attention to the business plan for receiving a subsidy from the Employment Center. Frankly weak and ill-conceived projects will not receive money.
Subsidies are given not only for opening a new business, but also for expanding an existing one. The requirements are different, but the main ones include the creation of new jobs. If, after receiving the subsidy, you are guaranteed to hire new staff, then the likelihood of receiving the money will be very high. Of course, with a properly drawn up business plan.
Business plan form
Each company has its own, unique business plan, but there are mandatory points that must be followed. If you want to get money from the labor exchange to open your own business, then these points should be worked out especially, even if in your opinion this is not necessary.
You can see the typical structure of a business plan for an Employment Center in the table below. All items must be completed in this order.
| Title page | Business plan author details |
| Project Summary | It is necessary to briefly outline the essence of the project and its main strengths. Volume – 1-2 A4 sheets. |
| Financial part | All financial calculations. Try to use real numbers. The section can be quite large; in practice, it is the financial part that is considered in most detail. |
| Research | Competitor analysis, market research and other analytical data. |
| Subject of the project | Description of goods or services, in detail. Their competitive advantages and other important features. |
| Labor resources | Working conditions, planned salary, number of jobs. |
These are all simple and logical points. If there is a need to add something else (for example, a detailed SWOT analysis), then no one limits you here. The table shows the required minimum. It is worth considering other requirements that are not officially specified anywhere, but they greatly influence the likelihood of receiving money from the Employment Center. We will talk about them in more detail.
Information must be structured. It should appear that you can organize your thoughts. In addition, confusing business plans, where information is randomly scattered across different sheets, may simply not be understood. And not to approve. An ordinary official will not waste time trying to understand what you wanted to say.
A business plan must be drawn up correctly. Documents with errors are not taken seriously. If there is one typo or missing comma, this will not be a problem, but if there are many errors, the likelihood of receiving money will be extremely low.
The numbers should be as close to reality as possible. There is no need to take them out of your head, especially when it comes to financial calculations. This is the first thing they look at and check carefully. Therefore, you need to indicate real numbers. Also, you should not manipulate financial indicators. There is a chance that they will notice this and recognize your business plan as untenable.
Mention any details and facts that may be relevant to your business. The official who will study your business plan must see that you really want to make a successful business, and not just get money.
There are ready-made samples of business plans for different types of businesses, but they can only be taken as a basis. Your own project must be unique and take into account local characteristics. By the way, the following types of business will not even be considered:
- alcohol trade;
- pawnshop and other financial services.
Some types of business may be viewed very warily and it will be difficult to get money. But all regions have their own characteristics; please check with the Employment Center for details.
Protection of a business plan at the Employment Center
Protection is a simple and quick process. You will need to come to the commission, which usually consists of five to six people. The majority are employees of the Employment Center; they also invite people from the local administration or business specialists.
In practice, securing your project will rarely take more than five minutes. The commission will ask a few clarifying questions and that’s it. There will be no interrogation or conversation like during an exam. If, after reading your business plan, the employees of the Employment Center have such a misunderstanding, then you will simply not be invited to defend it, and your project will be rejected.
That is why drawing up a competent and good business plan must be taken very seriously. By and large, this is the only factor that matters. But you must be well versed in your future business. If during your defense you are asked a couple of simple questions and you cannot answer them, then you can forget about receiving money.
For this reason, you need to write a business plan yourself. There are cases when applicants for receiving money from the Employment Center during their defense cannot answer questions from specialists, since they simply downloaded standard business plans on the Internet and did not even delve into them. Everyone notices this in 99 cases out of 100.
According to statistics, approximately one person out of ten is rejected at the defense stage. But if you are confident in your abilities and have spent a lot of time studying the features of your business, then success is almost one hundred percent guaranteed. Additional positive factors may include specialized education or work experience.
Sample business plan for receiving a subsidy
The Employment Center should give you a business plan form, on the basis of which you will write your project. You can find a sample business plan for a labor exchange on the Internet, but in any case you need to get a form from your local office. It will be issued after submitting an application for a subsidy. You can also download and view a ready-made sample:
Download sample
This is a simple example of a business plan for an individual entrepreneur, without filled-in data and other details. It may seem small, but after filling it with information, its volume will increase greatly. But don’t think that each project consists of 50 or more sheets, this is not true. In most cases, we are talking about simple business ideas that do not require fundamental market analysis or research of dozens of competitors.
You can also look at ready-made business plans; below you can download several options. But do not forget that they cannot be used in this form; adaptation to the form of the Employment Center is necessary. But there is nothing complicated about this, you just need to enter real numbers and other data that relate to your city.
Business plan for a hair salon
An example of a business plan for a typical hairdressing salon. It will require some work, but it can be used as a basis for a project to receive a subsidy from the Employment Center:
For many Russians just embarking on the path of private entrepreneurship, it seems that their activities are akin to a heroic throw into an embrasure: they bear numerous risks and cannot count on anyone or anything but themselves. It cannot be said that such views have no basis, but not everything is so deplorable: state support for small businesses in our country, although not sufficiently established, is still there. And it is within the framework of this support (and more specifically, the state program “Assistance to Beginning Entrepreneurs”) that you can receive almost 60 thousand rubles for the development of your own business free of charge. As everyone knows, “gratuitously” means “free of charge,” that is, this subsidy will not need to be returned or partially compensated. It is enough just to report to the state how this amount was spent (the exact value of the subsidy is 58,800 rubles: 60 thousand rubles minus taxes). However, first things first.
Is there a catch, or why does the state “give” money to start-up businessmen?
But there are no pitfalls here: the state is interested in the development of small business as an economic entity, if only because every entrepreneur makes his contribution (and every successful entrepreneur makes a significant contribution) to the formation of the state budget through tax deductions, creates jobs and develops the national economy. economy. In addition, in order to receive such a subsidy, you must be listed as unemployed and registered with the labor exchange. Everyone knows that everyone who “joins the stock exchange” receives a certain unemployment benefit. And the amount given to a neophyte businessman is nothing more than an annual allowance, paid not in installments (monthly), but in a lump sum.
There is no point in fearing the status of the unemployed these days: the times when citizens without an entry in the work book were called parasites, fortunately, have sunk into oblivion. In return, the understanding came that unemployment is a normal phenomenon for a market economy (unless, of course, it reaches the maximum value of 10%). In order to keep this indicator at the required level, the state is trying to regulate the number of unemployed by creating employment centers, whose specialists either help find a job they like or provide assistance in starting a business.
Who can be considered unemployed in our country?
Everything seems to be obvious: an unemployed person is an able-bodied person who does not have a job. however, there are also important nuances here. In accordance with the latest edition of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the following groups of Russians do not fall into the category of unemployed:
- persons under 16 years of age;
- women on maternity leave or child care leave (up to 3 years);
- citizens who retired upon reaching the appropriate age;
- disabled people of the first and second groups;
- founders of limited liability companies;
- full-time students;
- persons in prison or sentenced to correctional labor;
- citizens who are unable (for good reasons) to begin the proposed work.
If a Russian does not belong to any of these categories, but does not have a job, he can safely register with the employment center and receive assistance from the state. However, it should be remembered that in some cases you can lose your unemployed status:
- if within 10 days you refuse two (or more) proposed work options without a valid reason;
- if you do not appear at the employment center to look for work within 10 days from the date of registration;
- if you submit documents containing deliberately false information.
And, of course, you can stop being called unemployed by finding a job. What can you expect when visiting an employment center?
How to find a job using the labor exchange?
So, the state is not ready (which is quite natural) to pay unemployment benefits indefinitely, which is why a curator is assigned to everyone who registers with the employment center. The task of such a specialist is to select a suitable job for the applicant (in accordance with the qualifications, experience, life values, and requirements of the candidate). How successful the collaboration between the curator and the unemployed person will be largely depends on the goals of the latter.
So, if the main goal is to receive a subsidy for business development, then all offered jobs must be refused. But - for a plausible reason (after all, otherwise they can be forcibly deregistered). You will have to come up with your own reasons for why, the main thing is that this reason looks convincing and is related to the desire to act in the interests of society.
How to get the desired financial support from the state to start your own business?
In general, the state is ready to provide Russians with three types of subsidies:
- up to 4 thousand rubles for individual entrepreneurs and up to 20 thousand rubles for a legal entity as compensation for registration costs;
- 60 thousand rubles (58,800 rubles in hand) for organizing self-employment - and if you recruit staff from among those who also managed to register for unemployment, you can get the same amount for each of them;
- 300 thousand rubles for organizing self-employment (no longer from federal, but from city authorities) - it’s easy to guess that such a large amount is given to a few, subject to meeting a huge number of criteria.
In a word, it is worth being realistic and remembering the “bird in the hand”, that is, receiving a federal subsidy.
How to do this? The plan for achieving the goal looks quite simple.
- Write a business plan for an employment center and defend it.
- Register an individual entrepreneur.
- Receive funds (they are transferred to the same bank card to which unemployment benefits are credited).
- Report on how the money issued was used.
So, it seems that becoming a subsidy owner is as easy as shelling pears. This is how it will be if you prepare correctly for each stage.
Preparatory activities: the more correct the actions, the better the result
It’s worth starting with collecting information – and a detailed, scrupulous analysis of it. Despite the fact that this subsidy is federal (that is, it must be issued in all Russian regions), it is very important to understand exactly what requirements a particular employment center puts forward for applicants. By the way, at the same time you can ask what other support measures (for example, grants) for small businesses are in place in the region and city. This can be done on the official website of the local administration, as well as directly at the employment center at the place of registration. It would also be a good idea to get legal advice on supporting small businesses.
If you want to receive a subsidy, you need to have enough free time. It will be very useful for passing through bureaucratic authorities (everyone knows what the queues are like) and for attending interviews with potential employers (under no circumstances should you immediately declare your reluctance to “work for your uncle”).
The emotional mood is also important. And, of course, patience: you need to maneuver between the employment center (who wants to quickly find a job for the unemployed) and the potential employer (who does not understand why they are so persistently refusing the vacancy offered to them) competently and almost artistically.
Well, and, perhaps, the most important thing is that you need to accurately understand your goals, desires and capabilities, understand where the business will begin and how it will develop subsequently. All this needs to be reflected in the business plan. By the way, you should start writing it even before leaving your main job - in order to have an “alternate airfield” if the business idea turns out to be untenable.
And now - the most interesting thing...
How to get a subsidy from the employment center: step-by-step instructions
Step one is to register with the employment center at your place of permanent registration and receive unemployed status. To do this, you must submit the following package of documents:
- ID card (passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation);
- document on education (diploma, certificate - in the absence of other documents);
- employment history;
- a savings book or application for opening a Sberbank card indicating its details;
- pension insurance certificate;
- military ID (for men).
This is followed by filing an application for unemployment benefits and obtaining advice from the supervisor of the employment center. The most sensible thing to do during this event is to ask a specialist how you can register as an individual entrepreneur. Then you need to fill out an application confirming your desire to start a business and pass a test.
The second step is protecting the business plan. This is one of the most serious stages of the entire procedure, in many ways similar to an exam: the defense takes place in a separate audience, and a special commission evaluates the effectiveness of the future business. This is preceded by a conversation with a psychologist, whose task is to assess the applicant’s ability to engage in entrepreneurial activity.
There is no need to be afraid of the “exam”: the main assessment criterion is the realism of the project and the confidence of the future businessman that he will really succeed. How to write a competent and winning business plan is a topic for a separate discussion, however, there are more than enough resources on the Internet to help you write it well.
The next, third step is submitting an application for a subsidy. All previously collected documents and a business plan must be attached to the application. The received package is submitted to the same employment service. After consideration of the application, if the decision is positive, the applicant is notified that he can now enter into an agreement. Which, of course, is what should be done.
Step four – registration as an individual entrepreneur or founder of an LLC.
The final, fifth step is to submit the registration documents to the employment center along with all receipts for payment of the appropriate fees. Upon completion of this stage, the bank account (passbook or plastic card) will have funds in the amount of 58,800 rubles.
What will this money be enough for and what can you do with it?
It is easy to guess that it is not advisable to spend money allocated by the state and received with such difficulty for personal purposes, if only because in a set period it will be necessary to report on where the subsidy was spent. Invoices, checks, and other paper evidence of expenses are suitable as reporting documents. In addition, it is worth remembering that in the first year of free navigation on the waves of entrepreneurship, tax reporting must be submitted not only to the Federal Tax Service, but also to the employment center that issued the subsidy.
Of course, the allocated funds will not be enough to open a turnkey business. It is also natural that the state is not ready to subsidize every type of activity. However, it is known that this money is most readily given to those whose business is connected with manufacturing, agriculture, the service sector, in a word, with industries that allow the creation of new jobs. And gratuitous help (especially material) is always better than no help at all. Especially when it comes to private business activities.