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Opening a grocery store: step-by-step instructions and analysis of prospects. How to open a grocery store Open a grocery store

There is no shortage of retail food outlets today. In any city, regardless of size, there is a serious struggle for consumers. At the same time, a crisis buyer is no longer a cake. Is it a good idea for a small business to open a grocery store during a crisis? Will a single retailer be able to resist the chains?

 

The situation in retail, including grocery, is not rosy: the crisis has affected everyone, federal and regional chains, stand-alone stores, and markets. To successfully start in this area, you need to take into account a lot: directions for retail development during a crisis, changes in buyer behavior, the prospects of niches, new legislation... Let's try to figure out how to open a grocery store from scratch in 2016 so as not to go broke.

Product Market - 2016

Situation and trends

Retail is stormy. According to the report of the Ministry of Economic Development "On the results of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation in 2015", retail trade turnover in January-December 2015 amounted to 27,575.7 billion rubles, i.e. 90% of the previous year. The decline was recorded in all federal districts, the saddest situation was in Sevastopol (-23.0%), Samara region (-19.1%), Karachay-Cherkess Republic (-18.1%), Chelyabinsk region (-17.3 %). Analysts from the Ministry of Economic Development consider the retail indicators to be the worst since 1970.

In 2015, food products accounted for 48.6% in the structure of retail trade turnover. Conclusion - grocery retail is experiencing the same difficulties as other industry segments. In some regions, food retail suffered even more. Thus, in Bashkortostan, food retail fell by 14.6% over the year, the industry as a whole - by 12%.

* - with excerpts, only indicators affecting the retail market are presented

Source: Ministry of Economic Development report for 2015

The product market is forced to change, and the following trends can be observed:

  • “Hard discounter” format outlets are multiplying;
  • large chains are actively experimenting with formats, occupying traditional small business niches: “At Home” store, “Family” store, etc.;
  • Specialized stores are increasingly in demand: butchers, fishmongers, organic food stores, etc.;
  • optimization of retailers' costs leads to an increase in local assortment;
  • Retailers are introducing online trading as one of their sales channels.

The middle class crisis: the evolution of the buyer

Following the situation in the country, the buyer himself, his mood and behavior in stores are changing. Yes, there are consumer groups that have not been affected by the crisis. However, the grocery trade is based on another pillar - the mass segment represented by the middle class (and it suffered significantly during this crisis).

In 2015, not only did consumer demand fall, the dynamics and structure of consumption changed. “Middle peasants” began to visit grocery stores less often, but to buy more, choosing goods carefully. Consumer trend - we buy more necessary and cheaper things. Another trend is an increase in the promotional activity of buyers: the majority are ready to move around the city in search of bargains.

However, cheapness is not the main criterion for Russians when choosing products. According to a survey by the Romir research holding, more than half of the population values ​​the freshness and quality of food, and people are willing to pay more for this. Over the past three years, a group of “food patriots” has emerged who prefer domestic products. There are fewer and fewer people willing to pay for the fame of brands.

Networks versus singles: do autonomous stores have a chance?

Creating large chains is beyond the capabilities of small businesses: at best, “little ones” manage to promote several geographically close stores, usually in the “Convenience” or minimarket format. The worst situation today is for autonomous establishments with wine and vodka departments, the costs of which have increased following changes in the rules for the sale of alcohol: they have to buy jobs from the Unified State Automated Information System.

Networkers and singles are in different weight categories. During a protracted crisis, it is easier for federal and large regional networks to survive. They have reserves, a better developed logistics system, and more favorable delivery conditions. Large retailers can afford attractive promotions and low prices, that is, they invest in “price marketing.” In addition, many networks have long been developing all possible formats, displacing small businesses from their traditional territories. As a result, large retailers are “killing” stand-alone stores, luring customers with low prices, close proximity, rich assortment, and more comfortable shopping conditions.

Small businesses have little chance of competing with online companies. But they exist. Retail giants have a weak spot: they are inert in terms of assortment, are in no hurry to change large suppliers and push unclaimed low-quality goods off the shelves. At the same time, more and more consumers in the mass segment prefer fresh and organic products and value freshness and quality. Small businesses can take advantage of this.

SMEs in grocery retail: components of success

In the current reality, success for a startup is brought by a combination of factors:

  • geographical proximity to the buyer and simultaneous distance from network points;
  • high-quality and popular assortment;
  • perfect service, customer-facing service.

As for the assortment, this is the cornerstone of success. Depending on the location of the store and its neighboring competitors, you can choose a wide assortment with the presence of fresh and takeaway categories, and specialization in one product group. Sometimes a combination works well: a wide selection of products with an emphasis on a specific category. For example, “only we have farm dairy products” (farm meat or poultry, organic vegetables, “healthy baked goods”, etc.).

Despite the crisis and fierce competition with chains, small shops with a bakery, deli, coffee shop, etc. are also promising. The main thing is the convenience and relevance of the concept.

The question “I want to open a grocery store, where to start” can be answered with advice:

  • first, assess the viability and relevance of the business idea, analyze how well it meets the needs of customers;
  • think about whether you can provide quality service and an original assortment, and how;
  • choose the appropriate format for the concept.

If everything comes together, then go ahead.

Choosing a grocery store format

Retail establishments selling food products, according to GOST R 51773-2009, differ:

  • by type of ownership (private, municipal, unitary, etc.);
  • service format (full or partial self-service, over the counter, etc.);
  • method of organizing trade (network, branded, autonomous);
  • by specialization (universal, specialized, with a combined or mixed range);
  • by type (hyper-, super- or minimarket, grocery store, supermarket, Cash & Carry store, pavilion or “Products” store, “Discounter”, “Fish”, “Fruit and Vegetables” stores, etc.);
  • types of retail facilities (stationary and non-stationary);
  • according to the terms of sale (with or without a sales area).

Not all formats can be opened by small businesses. Among these, for example, are hypermarkets with an area of ​​more than 4,000 sq. m and supermarkets (600 - 5,000 sq. m), i.e. stores with a wide range and a large share of non-food products (30-40%). Let's look at the modern formats available to SMEs.

1 "Convenient store"(convenience store), also known as “Around the corner”, “Next door” and “At home”

This format involves a low share of trade over the counter. Store area - 50-400 sq. m. The assortment includes 1,500 - 3,000 items, up to 60% of which are everyday goods, i.e., products of the weekly consumer basket. The share of non-food products is up to 15%.

There is an opinion that such points should offer both goods and service of average quality. However, following such a tradition during a crisis is a guaranteed failure. For “At Home” stores, it is important to properly arrange the equipment, ensure neat display and quality service, and avoid delays in goods. The best location is residential areas and areas of new buildings.

“Convenient” are today developing in the direction of increasing the range of food to go and the “fresh” category (fresh, not frozen products and products of their own production). Here you can install coffee making machines, equip service areas for selling tickets, paying for services, issuing online orders, and arrange food eating areas. An entrepreneur who chooses this format, depending on the city, will compete with the network projects “Kopeyka”, “Perekrestok Express”, “Dixie”, “Every Day”, etc.

2 Health food store(eco-products)

Refers to specialized stores with a small assortment, but with great depth. Trade in one group of goods is possible: dairy products, meat, honey. Retail area - 18-200 sq.m. m. The markup is usually higher than for analogues in non-specialized stores. The remaining parameters (location, required traffic, share of trade through the counter) are not decisive, but are determined only by the characteristics of the profile product.

By the way, about a unique product. If the store also sells everyday products, then when laying out and placing the emphasis should be on core products: allocate central shelves for them, display them at eye level, etc.

Some figures for the well-known Moscow chain of farm dairy products “Izbenka”. To trade 70 items, 15-20 sq.m. is enough. m area. Opening one point requires 150,000 - 200,000 rubles. investments. The main problem of business is to find several reliable suppliers to ensure stability of price and quality of products in retail outlets.

Eco-product stores are relevant in large cities, where the economically active population is not burdened with their own gardening and vegetable gardening. In settlements of up to 100 thousand people, the prefix “eco” is perceived as pampering. People in such cities have somewhere to spend their money besides organic carrots.

3 Shop with mini-bakery (cooking)

Essentially, this is the format of “Near Dom” or “Traffic” stores located at traffic intersections, but with its own bakery production. The assortment may be limited to baked goods itself, or may include everyday goods. It is important to remember that in addition to administrative, warehouse and retail premises, production space will be required (by law, they cannot be located everywhere).

How to choose premises, equipment and complete all documents for the bakery.

What is the advantage of the U Doma bakery? Bread, buns, pies are baked in small batches. You can quickly change the assortment, respond to customer requests, and focus on “healthy bread” and interesting additives. This store format involves selling drinks, organizing places to consume baked goods, and installing a coffee machine.

How to open a grocery store

Brainstorm

Competition in retail is enormous; proper business planning is half the success. Decide on the format and location of the store, find several suitable premises options, and begin lease negotiations. Make a business plan, make several options: optimistic, realistic and pessimistic.

Registration

It is better to register a grocery store in the form of an individual entrepreneur or LLC. Please note that individual entrepreneurs cannot sell strong alcohol (only beer and beer drinks). Therefore, LLC is the choice of those who plan to organize a wine and vodka department at a retail outlet. Select OKVED codes provided for retail trade in food products from groups 52.1 - 52.27.

Decide on the taxation system; for retail trade, the following are optimal:

  • patent - only for individual entrepreneurs with a sales area of ​​no more than 50 sq. m;
  • UTII - for LLCs and individual entrepreneurs, if the area of ​​the trading floor of the pavilion/store is up to 150 sq. m;
  • The simplified tax system “income minus expenses” can be used by LLCs and individual entrepreneurs without restrictions on retail space.

The first two systems are introduced in the regions by the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and therefore are not available throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation. The simplified tax system is applied throughout the country without restrictions.

Selection of premises and renovation

When looking for premises for a store, you should focus on the area and location required for the chosen format. In addition, food retail outlets must comply with the rules of the Ministry of Emergency Situations and SES, this must be taken into account.

For example, fish and vegetable stores cannot be located in residential buildings, as well as attached/built-in premises. There are requirements for the organization of an additional exit for evacuation in case of fire, the inadmissibility of counter flows of customers and personnel, etc. It is easier to take all these points into account at the stage of selecting a premises, its redevelopment and renovation.

Obtaining permits and approvals

Entrepreneurs today are legally protected from excessive control by supervisory authorities and are spared from many approval and licensing procedures. A clear knowledge of your rights and responsibilities comes in handy in the event of bureaucratic “excesses on the ground.”

  • Law N294-FZ of December 26, 2008 “On the protection of the rights of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs in the exercise of state control (supervision) and municipal control.” Let's go through the key points.

    Entrepreneurs in certain types of activities must notify supervisory authorities about the start of their work. Conclusions from control authorities for starting activities (SES, Ministry of Emergency Situations, etc.) are licensing requirements established for specific types of business. If the activity does not require obtaining a license, then conclusions are not needed. The conduct of scheduled and unscheduled inspections is strictly regulated for the period 2016-2018. Supervisory holidays have been established for small businesses (Article 26.1.).

  • Resolution No. 584 of July 16, 2009 “On the notification procedure for starting certain types of business activities.” The document lists the types of activities for which notifications must be submitted, and establishes the procedure for submitting notifications.

From the above regulations it follows that retail trade in products is not a licensed activity (except for the sale of alcohol), therefore the store owner:

  • after registration with the Federal Tax Service, but before starting activities, notifies Rospotrebnadzor (you need to send a standard form);
  • should not receive conclusions from the SES and the Ministry of Emergency Situations.

Retail sale of alcohol according to Law No. 171-FZ of November 22, 1995 is possible only for legal entities and only on the basis of a license. The list of licensing requirements is impressive, from the size of the authorized capital to 1 million rubles. (set by regional authorities) until the availability of technical means for transmitting information to the Unified State Automated Information System. But conclusions from the SES and the Ministry of Emergency Situations are not required to obtain an alcohol license. Individual entrepreneurs can only sell beer and beer drinks, but without a license.

Despite the fact that it is not necessary to obtain conclusions for a grocery store, the retail outlet must comply with fire safety rules and sanitary standards.

At the time of opening, the store must be equipped with a fire alarm and fire extinguishers, have separate emergency exits, and meet other requirements. Familiarize yourself with the regulatory framework regarding fire safety and the requirements of the Ministry of Emergency Situations for retail facilities.

Regarding the requirements of the SES. You need to focus on SP 2.3.6.1066-01 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for trade organizations and the circulation of food raw materials and food products in them.” The main provisions of the document concern the placement and arrangement of retail outlets, their water supply, ventilation and heating, issues of reception, storage and sale of products, sanitary and hygienic rules for personnel, etc.

There are many rules and requirements, but the vast majority of them are based on common sense and are aimed at protecting the life and health of customers and store employees.

Formation of assortment, selection of suppliers

Find out exactly who your client is:

  • people purchasing goods for immediate consumption (students, schoolchildren, young people who prefer ready-made food);
  • purchasing groceries once a week in hypermarkets and coming to the U Doma store for perishable goods (fruit, milk, bread);
  • buyers who do all their shopping close to home and do not have a car or time for long shopping trips.

Form an assortment based on the share of which clients will prevail among buyers. Don’t overload your shelves with goods, don’t compete with hypermarkets for the breadth of assortment. Be flexible, analyze sales, survey customers, replace poorly selling items. Find your unique product category.

The main thing when choosing suppliers is that you must receive a product of satisfactory quality, price and range. Interact not only with wholesale centers and small wholesale organizations (read: intermediaries), but also contact direct suppliers and manufacturers. This way you can get a larger markup and choose what you really need for your store concept.

Selection of commercial equipment

A grocery store will require universal commercial equipment: cash registers, lighting, ventilation, air conditioning and heating systems, scales, terminals for card payments.

In addition, you need to select equipment depending on the range, size and layout of the room:

  • shelving for sales floors and warehouses;
  • packaging equipment, refrigeration and freezing (display cases, chests, chambers).

The refrigeration system in a grocery store is the main consumer of electricity and a significant expense item. Therefore, when choosing, pay attention not only to ergonomics, functionality and price, but also energy efficiency.

Hiring staff. Advertising and promotion

At the final stage, it is necessary to hire employees: salespeople, administrators, accountants - everyone who is necessary for the effective functioning of the chosen concept. The main thing to remember is that sellers are the people in direct contact with buyers. Their task is an attentive and friendly attitude towards the client, fast and high-quality service.

The business of selling food is relevant always and everywhere, because satisfying hunger is the most important need of any person. Is it profitable to open a grocery store, how much money do you need to start your own business and how to attract customers? All the information a new entrepreneur needs is collected here.

Registration of individual entrepreneur

The first step towards opening a grocery store is registering as an individual entrepreneur. Independent costs from 1800 to 6000 rubles. This amount includes mandatory expenses:

  • state duty - 800 rubles;
  • making an entry about an individual entrepreneur in the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs (notary service) - 1000 rubles.

And optional:

  • - 300-3000 rubles. depending on the type;
  • opening a bank account - 800 rubles.

Finding a location for a store

The profitability of a grocery store depends on its location:

  • the most accessible places are located near train stations, bus stops, metro stations, large business and entertainment centers;
  • there should be no supermarkets near the store;
  • To ensure that your retail outlet is always provided with a stable income, try to choose areas with a population of about 1,500 people;
  • It has been observed that if a supermarket is located more than a 10-minute walk from home, buyers prefer to use the services of small stores near their home. Don't forget this when choosing a location;
  • if the assortment consists mainly of inexpensive essential products, it is profitable to open a store in a residential area.

Rent or buy?

You can open a grocery store in rented premises, or buy a modular building for a retail outlet. The first option is the least expensive, even taking into account the fact that the store will most likely have to be renovated. The only drawback is the need to pay monthly rent for the premises.

Modular pavilions are expensive, although they have their advantages:

  • you choose where to locate your store;
  • no need to pay rent every month;
  • the building is easy to install and dismantle.

Average cost of a modular building depending on area:

  • 20-30 m 2 - 300-500 thousand rubles;
  • 40-50 m 2 - 560-750 thousand rubles;
  • 60–80 m 2 ‒ 800–1,000 thousand rubles.

Add to the amount the costs of transportation and installation (100 thousand rubles) and communications (100 thousand rubles).

How much area should a grocery store have?

The size of the outlet is limited only by your financial capabilities and assortment. For most grocery stores selling over the counter, a room with an area of ​​30–50 m 2 is sufficient.

Paperwork

To open a grocery store you will need the following documents:

  • individual entrepreneur registration certificate;
  • a lease agreement or a document confirming ownership of the premises;
  • SES conclusion, sanitary passport;
  • fire department report;
  • employee medical records;
  • waste removal agreement;
  • a certificate confirming the entry of the individual entrepreneur into the trade register;
  • book of reviews and suggestions;
  • cashier's book and other documents for the cash register;
  • quality certificates for products;
  • information for buyers, in particular the text of the law “On the Protection of Consumer Rights”.

In some cases, additional documents are required to open a grocery store. For example, if you plan to hire foreign citizens, you need to obtain a special permit. Licenses will also be needed if the store sells tobacco and alcohol products.

Purchase of equipment

A significant portion of the initial costs is associated with the purchase of commercial equipment, including:

  • cash machine;
  • refrigerators and freezers;
  • showcases;
  • scales;
  • racks, food storage containers, knives, cutting boards.

The total cost of new equipment averages 150 thousand rubles. Purchasing used equipment allows you to save up to 50% of this amount. Installing video surveillance will cost an additional 10 thousand rubles, and you will have to shell out 50 thousand rubles for beer bottling equipment. However, the latter is not necessary

Do not forget also that at first it is necessary to provide an initial inventory, which requires from 300 to 500 thousand rubles. A sign for a store will cost from 3 to 5 thousand rubles.

Recruitment of personnel and determination of the wage fund

The number of employees in a store depends on its size and operating hours. A convenience store typically requires 4 sales associates: two per shift. For a small store that closes at night, two people are enough, who will work according to the schedule a week after a week, two after two, etc. The wages of sellers range from 10 to 15 thousand rubles.

If you do not have management experience, you cannot do without a hired director. The average salary of a store manager is 30 thousand rubles. You will also need a loader and a cleaner, the salary of each of whom is 8-12 thousand rubles.

In addition to wages, the employer monthly pays an additional 22% of the employees’ salary to the Pension Fund. Personal income tax (NDFL) is also paid by the business owner, but in fact this amount (13%) is deducted from the employee’s salary.

Formation of assortment and determination of markup

It is impossible to immediately determine the needs of your customers - only experience will help you create the optimal assortment of your store. The location of the outlet is of great importance: while chocolates, ice cream, pasties and similar products are in demand in the city center, residents of residential areas buy mainly bread, milk, and eggs.

Grocery store assortment

A small convenience store must contain essential goods: household chemicals, bread, dairy products, personal hygiene items. These are the most popular products, providing the store with stable revenue. When forming an assortment, it is also important to take into account the needs of your target audience.

Suppose that nearby stores do not have vegetables, so customers are forced to go to the market to buy them. Use this circumstance to your advantage - offer people what they need. Even if a kilogram of potatoes costs more than in the same market, customers will still come to your store. The desire to save time and effort usually outweighs the desire to save money.

Another piece of advice: don’t copy your competitors’ assortment, offer people something that others don’t have, and your store will quickly gain regular customers.

Markup on goods

The entrepreneur determines the cost of most goods independently. The average markup on store products over the counter is 30%. But there are a number of goods whose retail prices are regulated by the state: baby food, medicines, products sold in the Far North and equivalent regions.

Monthly revenue and payback period

Small grocery stores pay for themselves much faster than supermarkets. If the latter reach profitability only after 5-6 years, then a grocery store with an average monthly revenue of 700-800 thousand rubles and a net profit of 60-70 thousand rubles pays for itself within a year.

What contracts does an entrepreneur need to conclude?

Before opening a grocery store, you need to conclude several agreements:

  • with the bank that will perform collection and service your current account;
  • with a security company that will take control of your store;
  • with wholesale companies supplying products. To ensure the most complete range, it is worth concluding agreements with several suppliers. These could be wholesale companies offering products of different brands, or representatives of the manufacturer;
  • One of the mandatory requirements of the SES is the conclusion of an agreement for the removal of garbage and solid waste.

Summary

It is impossible to say exactly how much it costs to open a grocery store, but the approximate initial costs are easy to determine:

  • paperwork - 5-10 thousand rubles;
  • rental of a retail space - on average 30 thousand rubles (repairs 10-30 thousand rubles) Purchase of a modular pavilion - 300-1,000 thousand rubles (delivery, installation and arrangement - 200 thousand rubles);
  • purchase of new equipment - 150 thousand rubles; used - from 80 thousand rubles;
  • initial inventory - 300-500 thousand rubles;
  • staff salary - 40-120 thousand rubles;
  • sign - 3-5 thousand rubles.

Bottom line: to open a retail outlet you need from 500 thousand rubles to 2 million rubles.

At first, you may encounter an excess of goods. Nothing wrong with that. Before you make your next purchase, analyze which products are in high demand and purchase only the items that are in demand.

Get direct access to the most popular and inexpensive products. And place the least popular and expensive ones behind the counter. This will speed up service and simplify the seller's work.

If you plan to sell cigarettes and alcohol in the future, choose the location with special care. In accordance with the law, a store located less than 100 meters from a school or kindergarten is not allowed to sell tobacco and alcohol products.

A small grocery store is not able to compete with a large chain supermarket. It's a fact: in a convenience store, prices are usually higher and the assortment is much smaller. How to open a grocery store and not be left without customers? Study your competitor's weaknesses. For example, if the supermarket is open from 8:00 to 23:00, switch your store to 24-hour operation, but do not forget to calculate the financial feasibility of such a regime in advance.

One entrepreneur who made his fortune in food retail said people can save on everything except their stomach.

This makes sense, since even during a crisis in the economy and with a decline in consumer wages, the income of owners of retail outlets or supermarkets does not fall significantly.

This is why many people wonder how to open a grocery store from scratch? There are certain recommendations for starting your own business that will eliminate the possibility of problems arising at the very beginning of developing your own business.

When opening any business, an impressive package of documents is completed. Documentation, consisting of numerous permits and licenses, can be completed independently or by a law firm that specializes in providing such services.

If you know what documents are needed, you can prepare them yourself. Therefore, let’s consider the document preparation plan.

To organize a business related to the retail trade of products, you will need the following documents:

  1. Certificate of individual entrepreneur of a person or group of legal entities. You need to obtain a certificate from the local authority that regulates the issue of registration of legal entities. The certificate is issued within 5-30 days. When registering a certificate, you need to take a certificate indicating the absence of debt.
  2. In order to obtain the necessary license, you must also submit documents establishing the rights to use the real estate.
  3. SES and GPN must give approving conclusions, which indicate the compliance of the premises with established standards. A sanitary passport is also being created.
  4. Established standards determine the need to draw up an agreement for waste removal from the store.
  5. A document containing a list of the assortment of a retail outlet. If the assortment includes alcohol, you must have a license to sell it.

The package of documents is submitted to the Consumer Market Department. In order for the verification to take place within one calendar month, the information provided must be reliable and executed in accordance with established rules. Otherwise, the process of reviewing the submitted package of documents will take a lot of time.

However, permission alone will not be enough to start trading. After this we create:

  • certification of the place of work of each employee;
  • registration of cash register and control equipment;
  • a document confirming the availability of contact with emergency services;
  • a copy of the license permitting retail trade;
  • copies of product licenses presented during inspection.

A book of complaints and suggestions is being created to regulate the relationship between the seller and the consumer in accordance with the rules.

Selecting a room

The selection of premises and its rental or purchase when organizing the business in question should be carried out before the start of registration of business activities and other documents. This is due to the fact that they will contain information about the premises: address, area and much more.

The step-by-step plan for choosing a room involves considering its location. This is due to the fact that the store must be located in high traffic areas.

Many people don't look at whether a store is small or large when returning home from work. The main thing is not to deviate from the intended path. The plan for creating your own business should take into account how many people (approximate count) pass by the location of the future store.

When calculating, transport interchanges, the number of residential buildings nearby and industrial buildings and offices are taken into account.

When setting up a retail business, the estimated profitability of a retail outlet is determined by whether there are other stores nearby. When considering competitors, their range, prices, service, room features and much more are taken into account.

All indicators can be determined by drawing up a plan that indicates the possible audience of the outlet.

Rental of premises

An easy start to a business with a small amount of money is possible by concluding a lease agreement. When choosing, it is recommended to consider buildings that were originally designed for organizing food retail trade.

Otherwise, the money will be used to remodel the area so that it meets the established standards.

Particular attention should be paid to the drafted lease agreement. It is recommended to conclude it for a long term, since otherwise the funds invested in preparing the plan and its implementation will not bring profit.

However, we should not forget that in the event of unprofitable trade, the tenant terminates the long-term contract, and this can, in some cases, be done only by paying a penalty. Therefore, it is worth entrusting the preparation or review of the lease agreement to lawyers.

Before renting a premises, you need to take into account that it must comply with all the standards of the SES and other authorities. These include:

  • Availability of a ventilation system: artificial or natural. This is due to the fact that there may be many people in the store. According to established standards, artificial or natural ventilation must be organized in crowded places.
  • The safety instructions determine the need for fire protection systems and evacuation plans.
  • Attention is paid to electrical wiring.

All standards can be obtained from the relevant control authorities. Recently, shopping complexes have become popular, where all standards are met, but renting them is not always advisable.

Another selection criterion is the mandatory provision of a structure with water supply, electricity, heat supply, and a ventilation system.

Important! All communications must be arranged accordingly, otherwise there is a possibility of problems with opening the store.

How much does it cost to properly design communication lines? An exact answer can only be given by considering a specific case, but registration on your own will always lead to a bad start to your own business.

When concluding an agreement, you need to pay attention to the correctness of the documents for the real estate and other points: the form of ownership, how many owners, whether the real estate is collateral for the loan.

Search for suppliers and conclusion of contracts

To obtain a constant profit, it is necessary to provide for the need for a constant supply of goods. The plan to create your own business involves concluding long-term contracts. Often wholesale companies become suppliers.

The instructions for selecting suppliers are as follows:

  1. To begin with, we study the demand around the opening of a store. Using research results, the popularity of goods in the region is determined.
  2. The next point is the selection of suppliers of products from a certain range.
  3. The main selection criterion is how much the product costs. But in some cases it is more profitable to buy from a supplier located nearby, rather than from one that sells cheaper. If you deliver from afar, you need to pay attention to a unique product that is not very common in the region.

An original idea would be to purchase goods from local farmers. Natural products, fresh fruits and berries are always in demand. People are even willing to overpay if they are confident in the naturalness and quality of the products.

Purchase of commercial equipment

When trading products, you should take into account that they need to be stored in the refrigerator. Some products cannot be sold without refrigerators installed.

In addition to refrigeration units, you may need:

  • showcases;
  • racks;
  • freezers and refrigerators.

You can make your store more practical and attractive if you use the services of companies that furnish retail premises.

A similar service consists of creating a design project, which will indicate the plan, the type of furniture and equipment to be installed, sketches and much more. Already taking this information into account, the furnishings of the room will be carried out.

You can arrange the pavilion by renting equipment and furniture. Some suppliers specialize in supplying equipment and furniture for rent.

Selection of cash register equipment

Cash register equipment is an integral part of every store. If you are creating a grocery store, then you need to take into account the need for scales and a scanner.

Scales are necessary for goods that need to be weighed. A scanner is needed if the pavilion is open and visitors pay at the exit.

Correctly selected cash register equipment will allow you to:

  • increase sales control;
  • reduce costs arising from cashier errors;
  • relieve cashiers, which will speed up checkout for visitors.

A receipt is issued to all customers according to the purchased product. This is due to the established rules in the consumer rights law.

In your business registration plan, you should take into account that you need to obtain the appropriate documents for installing a cash register.

To do this, registration is carried out with the Federal Tax Service, the cash register is registered with the service center, which is responsible for monitoring the serviceability of the equipment.

The registration process is as follows:

  1. A corresponding application is submitted to the tax service.
  2. Next, you need to conclude an agreement with the center that provides cash register support.
  3. To take into account the CCM, its diagnostics are carried out.
  4. An ECLZ is installed in each cash register.

Unregistered cash registers cannot be installed in a store. This rule is established by law; its violation leads to administrative liability.

Recruitment

After the base is fully prepared, the time comes when you need to hire staff. The business in question is built on the fact that each employee will perform his or her duties. A recruitment agency can recruit staff, but you can do it yourself.

  • To attract attention, you can place an ad on the Internet;
  • the announcement may be distributed through the media;
  • Flyers in or around the store can also attract potential employees.

The interview will determine who is most suitable for the job. When attending an interview, potential employees must have:

  • a certificate that allows you to work in the country;
  • The health record is an important document. Moreover, its presence is a mandatory condition for every grocery store employee.

In addition to cashiers-sellers, you should hire personnel who will be responsible for keeping the store clean, for delivering goods to the shelves, for guarding the premises, and so on.

Design of a retail outlet

The way a product lies on the counter determines its attractiveness. To begin with, you can use the services of a merchandiser. At the same time, it is not entirely necessary to hire such a specialist; you can enter into an agreement for the provision of services.

The store itself can be designed in different ways. The main thing is that it should be bright and attract the attention of others.

conclusions

The process of creating your own business, which consists of selling goods, is simple. The main thing is to follow the established plan.

How much does it cost to open your own store? The question is quite complex, since the final price depends on the location of the pavilion, its area, assortment and other features.

Estimated income also varies widely. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the development of a business plan and its accuracy.

I want to start a business, but I don’t know which sector to choose? This question is asked by every second person who wants to work for themselves and receive a stable income. The problem can be solved when you see a competitive direction that promises stable profits in the future. People want to eat, even in a crisis, the demand for food does not fall. Precisely, this fact acts as motivation for entrepreneurs. How to open a grocery store and get profitability?

Formula for success

There are several factors that ensure the profitability of a trading business:

  • Grocery store location.
  • Competition analysis.
  • Formation of assortment.

A good start is a position with the right place, quality products and good service. Compliance with these points guarantees a positive result.

Where is the best place to open?

The search for the location of a retail space is based on the following formats:

  1. A small store in the center of a residential area. This option is successful for the outlet. A circle of potential buyers is immediately formed - residents of houses near the store. The second point is to familiarize yourself with competitors’ products; you need to make sure that your product is superior.
  2. A large retail outlet (mini market - area more than 100 sq. m.) assumes distribution according to a self-service format.

Important: opening a large grocery store requires considerable expenses, and a place with a lot of people.

According to their specifics, retail outlets are divided into:

  • Narrow assortment – ​​trade in one type of product (sausage, cheese, wine, beekeeping, coffee and tea).
  • Specific specialization - vegetable, fish, meat or grocery store.
  • Combination point – meat and milk, bread and confectionery, wine and groceries.
  • A general store (market) includes all types of products.

It is profitable to open your own store when there is premises and an initial circle of customers has been formed.

Deciding on a business model

The entrepreneur must choose the legal form of the enterprise. This will allow you to calculate further registration costs and how much you need to spend on running your business.

  1. Franchise. The food market often offers to buy a business. The option is very convenient, as it eliminates the steps of promoting a store.

Attention: franchising creates significant obligations for the entrepreneur under the terms of the contract.

  1. Medium or small enterprise - restrictions on revenue for 12 months (1 billion rubles and 500 million rubles).
  2. Individual entrepreneur (micro-enterprise), including a small number of personnel (up to 15 people), and no more than 50 million rubles. revenue for the year.

Advice: you need to open an individual entrepreneur first, this is the simplest option and does not require unnecessary paperwork with documents.

Registration

An organizational moment for any business is the mandatory registration of activities. The set of documents depends on the type of product being sold. List of required permits:

  • Certificate of ownership of the premises (lease or purchase agreement).
  • Registration of the form of activity (LLC or individual entrepreneur).
  • Conclusion of the SES allowing trade in food products.
  • Certificate of disinfestation work.
  • Availability of health certificates for store employees.
  • Information on compliance with fire safety regulations.
  • Certificates and licenses for the sale of all goods available in the store.
  • Cash receipts for servicing (cashiers' journal, technical and regular passport of the cash register version).
  • Equipment inspection document.
  • The book of reviews and suggestions is always located in the sales area.

Important: the list is incomplete, so you should collect documents in accordance with the rules provided for by the Law of the Russian Federation “On Retail Trade”. Separate permits must be obtained for the sale of alcohol and tobacco products.

Equipment

The normal functioning of a retail outlet depends on the equipment. It can be rented, purchased, or entered into an agreement with one manufacturer. It is profitable and economical to rent furniture and equipment for goods. The process is divided into three stages:

  • Counters and racks should be universal for customers. The availability and openness of the product attracts the client and increases the chance of making a profit.
  • Freezers should be selected based on efficiency (reducing energy costs).
  • It is better to rent refrigerators, special containers for drinks and offal from trusted suppliers. Here we guarantee timely maintenance of equipment and correct display of goods.

Important: in order to determine the amount of equipment and other retail components, you should know the total area of ​​the store. There is no need to clutter the outlet with a lot of furniture; there should be room for movement of staff and customers.

Don't forget about the product

Where to start when creating an assortment. First of all, this is an order of essential goods. Bread, dairy products, baked goods, and meat are purchased from local suppliers. This will prevent product spoilage. The store's assortment is varied from scratch: a confectionery department (at least 20 types of sweets and cookies), vegetables, and you can add household chemicals. The main thing is that the buyer goes into the store and buys everything he needs to the maximum. Requirements for serving products:

  • Exceptionally fresh appearance, products have normal production times.
  • Pastries and bread are kept in clean drawers or shelves.
  • Lack of dust and dirt on display cases.
  • Products are sold using plastic gloves.
  • The presence of a pleasant smell in the store.

You can diversify the service of a grocery store with the help of hot drinks (tea or coffee) on the spot; how much this service costs is determined by the cost of the product. Additional profit is immediately generated at the expense of people who stopped for a bite to eat or just stopped by at lunchtime.

Advice: you need to place products in accordance with their categories; do not put products in one pile. For the client, such a scheme will be inconvenient to perceive.

Cooperation with food companies

To promote business, suppliers of goods that have been proven in practice are selected. Criterias of choice:

  1. Familiarize yourself with the terms of delivery of products (schedule, cost of goods).
  2. Is it possible to return damaged products?
  3. How are services paid for - installments, discounts on sales of goods from a specific company.
  4. Is it profitable to sell the goods of this supplier - the variety of assortment, the presence of well-known brands.
  5. How much money is needed for the wholesale purchase of products from the selected wholesaler.
  6. Availability of all accompanying documents for the product (license, quality certificate).
  7. Forms of concluding a transaction (permanent or temporary work).

Supplier complying with responsibilities - efficient operation of the grocery store.

Personnel selection

The entrepreneur hires employees based on the volume of work in the store. This could be two or four salespeople with experience in trading. Vacancies are advertised in newspapers or on Internet sites.

Important: the employee must be neat, sociable and friendly. Staff activity affects the influx of people by 15%.

A small store requires hiring an accountant, a security guard and a cleaner. A successful manager cares about his staff, so it would be useful to introduce a motivation system. Where to begin? First of all, offer employees piecework wages - a fixed percentage per shift worked

Creating a "chip"

A large number of competitors forces entrepreneurs to take unusual business steps. There are grocery stores at every turn, and the buyer will not be surprised, except perhaps by the low cost of the goods. Each outlet has only one chance to generate income. To implement a successful business from scratch, non-standard ways of thinking are used. Advertising alone is not enough: a bright sign, distributing leaflets and attracting discounts. The scheme is quite hackneyed in the retail market and does not have much effect. Interesting offers:

  • The conversation with the client takes place in his language. The seller makes it clear to the person that he is offering a product that is beneficial only to him.
  • Selling the point of arrival and the purpose of the trip. Don’t push the product, but simply talk about how the buyer will benefit.
  • Creating inspiration for people - this rule works for all products in the retail market. The client receives a lot of positive emotions, which increases the percentage of visiting the store a second time.

The marketing moves of entrepreneurs allow them to reach a new level and be many steps ahead of their competitors.

Development of a financial plan

How much does it cost to open a grocery store from scratch? Where can I get money? How to distribute starting capital? These are the three main issues of running a business. We find a solution.

Formation of start-up capital includes costs:

  • Rent of retail space – about 100,000 thousand rubles.
  • Purchase (rental) of equipment - about 200,000 - 300,000 thousand rubles.
  • Product costs are about 500,000 thousand rubles.
  • Registration of activities - about 80 thousand rubles.
  • Other expenses (disposable tableware, accessories, advertising) - about 50,000 thousand rubles.
  • Salary to employees is about 200,000 thousand rubles.

Total: 1,230,000 thousand rubles.

Sources of receiving money. There is not always such a large amount available, so you should choose options to support your business:

  1. Processing loans. There are credit organizations that provide the required amount of cash. The advantages of this method: payment of the entire amount in installments. The downside is the high interest rate.
  2. Attracting investors. Develop a business plan and start looking for founders who are willing to invest money in trading.

Important: the idea of ​​​​promoting a store includes points - the total costs of opening, and the payback of the project. Experienced analysts and economists will check how profitable it is for them to cooperate with you.

  1. Participation in government funding. There is a special program that helps beginning entrepreneurs. To do this, register at the employment center and provide a detailed plan for opening a store.

Distribution of money. With a successful strategy, promotion of a grocery store will not take much time - from 6 to 12 months. During this period, income and costs are carefully formed, where a markup of 50% must be made, or vice versa, discounts on illiquid goods. Proper management of finances will prevent risks when opening a store from scratch.


Many people who want to start their own business do not think about the difficulties they need to go through. It seems: what’s complicated, I built it, purchased goods - and that’s it. But it was not there. If you ask any person who owns a store, he will tell you that this is not an easy matter; there are a huge number of nuances that need to be resolved before opening a store. Where to begin?

First of all, you need to decide what product you are going to sell. Will they buy it, will it be in demand or not. Secondly, you need to choose the location where the store will be located. There are several options to consider here. The selected area should be easily accessible, crowded, and visited. It is also possible to rent space in one of the shopping centers. If you want to know people's opinions, ask them personally, find out if they are interested in your new products and whether they will visit the store.

What is needed to start a business

Before considering this issue, let's draw up a small store business plan for ourselves. It should not be written on several sheets. The document, first of all, should be brief, but at the same time answer all important questions regarding the opening of an establishment. Here is a small store business plan presenting the main aspects:

1. What will be the format of the enterprise (regular establishment or online store, boutique, retail outlet or supermarket?).

2. Products, assortment. Target audience (buyers).

3. Location (where you are going to build your store, or maybe it will be a rented premises).

4. Retail space (size of area and all costs for it).

5. Equipment (what you will need for the store, price).

6. Personnel (how many people to hire, what salary to pay them).

7. Costs for registering a store, necessary licenses (for example, for selling tobacco, alcohol).

Documents required to open a store

You will have to spend a lot of time and quite a lot of nerves on completing paperwork and obtaining permits. In the process of starting their own business, every entrepreneur felt how difficult it was to collect the entire list of necessary licenses. This part is integral, without it you cannot do anything. So, how to open a store from scratch and what licenses should you get?

  • First, you need to prepare documents that will indicate the number of founders of the enterprise, its name, and type of activity. The papers must contain detailed information about the chief director and accountant, information about the authorized capital and the taxation system.
  • It is necessary to submit an application for obtaining a fire service report, attach a lease agreement, a store registration document, a BTI plan, a contract for installing a fire safety system, and an insurance policy for your building. After this, you need to appoint a person responsible for the fire safety department.
  • Don't forget: a store's advertising sign is considered square footage and also requires permission. To obtain it, you should submit a request to special organizations.
  • All necessary certificates for obtaining the installation of a cash register: a rental agreement for the premises and a certificate of opening a company.
  • To sign a sanitary report from Rospotrebnadzor, it is worth collecting the relevant documents: a document on the retail space, an application, company registration, a paper on registration with the Tax Inspectorate, all product certificates, personnel work books, a permit for garbage removal.

Finally, after receiving all the conclusions, you can relax and enjoy further work. From this moment, truly interesting activities begin, such as creating an interior, arranging products, etc. Pay serious attention to the name of the store, since a lot depends on it: the more interesting it is, the easier it is to remember it. The next stage is determining the design of the establishment. A well-chosen interior makes the room a cozy place for buyers. But if visitors like the trading floor, they will want to return to it again and, of course, make some kind of purchase.

Some examples of store openings

Many entrepreneurs are faced with the question “how to open a children's store?” The demand for products for children was, is and will always be. Their market is quite saturated and rich in assortment. Today in Moscow there are more than 100 stores for children, of course, 60% of them are chain establishments. In such centers you can find everything you need for a child of different ages: shoes, clothes, baby food, toys, books, cosmetics, as well as furniture and equipment. Therefore, if you want to start doing business in this area and your finances allow it, don’t hesitate, open a store soon and don’t be afraid of anything. Currently, a huge number of people visit establishments with goods for babies, since parents always try to buy quality products for their children.

It is worth noting that if you do not have enough funds to open a large store in the capital, do not despair! You can easily build a modest establishment in a small town. Before you open its doors, decide on the location, examine the presence of competitors, and what products they offer. The most important thing is to have a desire, and experience will come in the process of activity.

Key points when opening a clothing store

The clothing trade business is considered one of the most popular. People always buy things and will buy them. Many people follow fashion and new trends. Purchase goods for different seasons.

But in this area, as in any other, there are disadvantages and advantages. The biggest problem is considered to be huge competition. In large cities, this industry has certain leaders who have been on the market for a long time, have their own regular customers, original advertising, etc. It will be very difficult to compete with them, but it is quite possible. Today, most entrepreneurs are trying to open chain establishments.

Many people think: “I’ll open a clothing store and immediately be one of the first.” But not everything is as easy as it seems. In order not to be trampled, you need to compete with others. There are several ways: interesting, different products and low prices for products. Of course, if you only
opened, the option with cheap products is not suitable for you. If you study the market poorly, you can go broke very quickly. Therefore, for those who are thinking about how to open their own store and not go bankrupt, the best trick would be a different assortment. To do this, it is worth coming up with a unique concept for the establishment, selling goods that are not sold in rival stores. Moreover, if this is a new establishment, then a diverse, unique assortment will be the main advantage.

If you still decide to devote yourself to this business, then you must set yourself a clear goal: “I will open a clothing store and will do everything necessary to make it the best.” With this attitude, you will succeed.

The most important thing is not to forget that fashion changes every day. You will have to constantly follow new trends and predict demand for the product. The success of your establishment depends only on you.

How to open a store selling mobile phones

In modern times, technology is developing very rapidly. New, improved phone models are entering the market. For entrepreneurs selling cellular communications, this business will bring profit for quite a long time.

How to open a store from scratch? Let's consider a few important points.

  • It is best to engage in such activities in a small town, since the lack of competitors will give you a good boost and chances of success.
  • If you decide to open a store selling phones, then you need to find good premises. It should be located in a public place. In this case, you don’t have to be afraid of your rivals. Since people do not shop at small stalls, etc. Before opening your store, you need to decide the following points:
  • You will need permission from authorities: fire department, security company, tax authority.
  • Equipment for the store, namely glass shelves, a counter for the seller, a table for customers. This furniture is simply necessary in cell phone establishments.
  • The next thing to do is to choose an assortment for your new business. Try to purchase phones from popular brands. Also, carefully select the product; it should be designed for people with different financial capabilities. Plus, stock up on accessories for mobile phones, this will only bring you additional income.
  • Choose the right staff. These should be people who are knowledgeable in this area. Compose questionnaires containing questions that interest you.
  • Finally, take care of advertising. Before opening a store, make a decent sign with an original name. In addition to this, start distributing leaflets, make announcements on local TV or radio, etc.

Key Points You Need to Know When Opening a Grocery Store

Such establishments will always exist, because people simply need to eat. The demand for food is constant. Owners of supermarkets and shops are not afraid of anything, even when there is an economic downturn. Since after it a rise necessarily follows. It will be no secret to anyone that nowadays almost every entrepreneur is thinking about how to open a grocery store.

But this type of business is not the best for people with little experience. There are two good reasons for this:

  1. You must have significant start-up capital.
  2. A large number of licenses, consents, etc. need to be collected.

How much does it cost to open a grocery store?

It is difficult to give an exact figure. Factors influencing the price: the size of the retail space, the area in which the establishment will open, etc. The average amount for a large supermarket is considered to be $100,000. This figure may vary depending on where the store is located.

What is the starting capital used for? As a rule, it is spent on construction, renting premises, also on repairs, hiring staff, purchasing products and equipment. The list of exceptions includes boutique stores that sell hard-to-find, high-quality products.

How to open your own grocery store and not lose to the competition

This type of business has fierce competition. These are various chains of supermarkets, hypermarkets, kiosks, and also medium-sized private stores.

If you are wondering how to open your own store and not go bankrupt, you must first consider some nuances. Without huge start-up capital, you cannot compete with large networks. But in order to survive in the market, you need to identify your core strengths.

  • Create a good work schedule. Open a store when others close. If it is profitable, start working around the clock.
  • Sell ​​products that are not sold in neighboring stores. For example, fresh milk, natural products.
  • Take care of the service - it must be at a high level. Hire real professionals who thoroughly know their business.
  • Make sure that there are never long queues in your establishment.

Opening a beer store

It is worth noting that in 2008-2009 a huge number of draft beer stores were opened. And all because these years were a crisis, many people were left without work, so the majority decided to open their own business.

If you decide to make money from draft beer, then you need to remember the main aspects. We provide you with step-by-step information instructions on how to open a beer store. The plan is very detailed and well written.

  1. You need to register an individual entrepreneur.
  2. It is necessary to conclude a rental agreement for the premises.
  3. Install a cash register that will be in your store.
  4. Draw up a contract for its maintenance.
  5. Then you need to obtain a trading permit from the local administration department.
  6. Expect a visit from the SES and firefighters.

Try to pay attention to the interior of the establishment; it can be decorated in the style of a sports bar. If possible, hang a plasma TV on the wall. Thanks to this, visitors will have the opportunity to enjoy watching sports broadcasts.

It is clear that the profit of any store depends on the trade margin, which, as a rule, is set by the entrepreneur himself.

  1. Price markup on expensive imported beer is about 30% per liter.
  2. Domestic - starting from 100%.
  3. The trade markup on 1 beer keg is no less than 2,000 rubles.

Then a liter of alcoholic drink will cost from 60 to 250 rubles. Consequently, in a store, draft beer will cost less than bottled beer.

Expected profit amount

In winter, the draft beer business is slow. Trading it during the cold period is not very profitable. You will practically not be able to earn any income. But in the summer this business will flourish. In hot weather, it will be possible to earn a net profit of about 300,000 rubles. If your outlet is located in a good, crowded place, then the expected income can increase significantly.

And finally, I would like to note: people doing business always have the opportunity to earn money. The most important thing is to approach things wisely and not be afraid to face difficulties that arise.