Modern realities in Russia show an increased cost of meat products. External and internal factors influence price increases. The country's focus on food security provides new opportunities for farmers and poultry farmers.
Breeding geese at home ─ is now becoming a business for land owners. This is not only meat (dietary), if approached correctly, but also eggs and fat. In addition, goose down is an excellent filler. How to open your own business and the intricacies of goose farming are described in this article.
Breeding geese at home, ─ when there is a prepared business plan and acceptable opportunities are created, the business is profitable.
Let's look at what you need to start your own business:
Availability of land for organizing a farm.
Poultry breeding skills.
Room for goose yard.
Necessary equipment.
Breeding geese is a business that novice businessmen can easily master; it quickly pays off. The chicks grow quickly and by 60 days they weigh up to 4 kilograms, spending on food is relatively small. Experts determine the ratio: for 1 kilogram of weight you will have to spend 3 kilograms of feed.
Let's consider what kind of income can be obtained from a goose farm, since it is recognized that this bird does not produce waste:
delicate meat;
eggs for sale;
goose fat for pharmacists;
feathers and down as natural fillers.
A large selection of geese breeds makes it possible to breed them in different regions. Experts recommend that to start a business, acquire a flock of 400-500 heads, then make a choice on a specific breed of geese.
Positive factors
Gourmets know how valued goose liver is; there are breeds that are raised specifically for these purposes, when special feed technology is used. Is raising geese as a business profitable or not? ─ Such doubts often come when a novice entrepreneur does not understand the issue. This bird lives a long time, which has a positive effect on increasing the number of goose flocks.
Geese that are three years old lay eggs better, and their life expectancy allows the herd population to be evenly distributed. The cost of gourmet meat will be cheaper for the farmer than beef, but slightly more expensive than pork.
Geese differ from other birds in terms of waste-free use factors such as:
the ability of livestock to find food for themselves;
an adult produces up to 6 kilograms of meat and up to 3 kilograms of fat;
Goose liver pate is as healthy as black caviar;
feathers and goose down are used as natural fillers for mattresses and pillows;
rapid growth of young animals.
If any of the novice entrepreneurs who have a plot of land doubt the promising goose business, we will reveal secrets for beginners. These birds get used to their new place of residence very well; in addition, they have naturally good immunity, for this reason there is almost no need to treat them, and there is no need for financial insurance. Let's look at how experts suggest business directions for future goose breeders:
Geese breeding as a business for the meat industry.
Pedigree breeding of geese.
The first path of business development is preferable for medium and small farms, but with the prospect of poultry breeding.
To start a business, you don’t need an injection of funds or large sums of money, and the return is relatively high right away.
The second direction involves egg incubators with the sale of young animals. For business in this area, it is preferable to combine both directions of development.
how many competitors are there in this industry in the region;
what is the demand for meat products of this category in the region;
mandatory assessment of future income.
To correctly assess the situation, you must first draw up a business plan according to which theraising geese for meat, and for this you need to choose the right breed of geese.
Preparing a business plan
It should be noted for novice businessmen that in Russia there is currently no industrial method of raising geese; this is done exclusively by farms. What must be included in a business plan to receive regional business subsidies? Here are some options:
Sales of products (can be sold to retail chains, have your own sales points).
What equipment will be used for the production of young animals.
A business plan for breeding geese requires careful study, which we indicate in the table:
|
Annual plan |
Beginning and end of the implementation stage |
Required amount of funds |
|
Preparing the farm to receive geese |
April May |
Not required, have a country house |
|
Equipment purchase |
May |
About 120,000 rubles |
|
Purchasing young animals |
June |
Up to 100,000 rubles |
|
Growth stage of young geese |
June-October |
260-300 thousand rubles |
|
Slaughter for meat |
November December |
Not required |
|
Sale (realization) of meat |
December - January |
60,000 rubles |
Explanations:
necessary expenses – 400,000 rubles;
planned profit for the year is 200,000 rubles;
project payback projected within 24 months.
Cost estimate:
|
What do we spend money on? |
Quantity in rubles |
Source of funds |
Explanations |
|
Purchase of young animals |
100 000 |
Regional grant |
Young animals up to 5 days, the cost of one individual is 100 rubles (1000 chicks) |
|
Feed for chicks |
About 150-200 thousand |
Regional grant |
1 individual consumes up to 40 kilograms of grains and 120 kilograms of grass, 500 grams of additives |
|
Purchase of refrigerators |
120 000 |
Regional grant |
We purchase industrial refrigerators – 4 pieces |
|
Car expenses |
60 000 |
Own contribution |
Delivery of products to the point of sale |
|
Salary |
120 000 |
Own contribution |
For assistant and family members |
|
Deductions |
36000 |
Own contribution |
30% to the fund (payroll) |
|
Electricity |
20-25000 |
Own contribution |
|
|
Fuel costs |
25-26 thousand |
Own contribution |
|
|
Total own expenses: |
About 400,000 |
||
|
General expenses: |
687 000 |
Explanations:
when organizing a farm, you will use your own tools;
poultry feed is purchased from trusted manufacturers;
the grass is harvested independently.
When preparing a business plan for breeding geese, you need to take into account your regional characteristics; only generally accepted costs are shown here.
Choosing a goose breed
For goose farming, there are many breeds of geese that differ in various parameters,what breed of geese is best for breeding for meat, ─ To do this, let's introduce some popular types, namely:
If the entrepreneur will continue to focus on raising young animals, then the Kuban breed is distinguished by its increased ability to lay eggs. According to the qualifications of specialists, these are light birds (the female gains up to 5 kilograms of weight, the gander up to 6 kilograms maximum), the goose is capable of laying up to 90 eggs.
The Arzamas breed of geese is resistant to temperature fluctuations and diseases. They have excellent meat, which is valued by experts for its taste; an adult gains up to 7 kilograms of weight.
Edmenn geese are a heavy bird, they have a large amount of meat and fat, the goose gains up to 8 kilograms of weight, and the male of this breed gains weight up to 10 kilograms.
The Italian, white breed of geese is considered a good breed to start breeding, they quickly gain weight, can gain 9 kilograms and have a relatively good ability to lay eggs, up to 50 eggs per female.
Toulouse geese are bred by connoisseurs of liver pate; this breed is sensitive to cold, has a large weight and low mobility, the gander gains up to 12 kilograms.
Meat of excellent taste can be obtained from Rhine geese, a white breed, which reach up to 6.5 kilograms in weight and can lay up to 45 eggs relative to the environment.
Profitability of breeding geese, depends on the goal set by the entrepreneur, the Gorky breed is suitable for meat, which belongs specifically to this meat category of geese. The male gains 10 kilograms, and the female gains 8 kilograms of weight, egg production is up to 50 pieces.
The meat breed includes gray geese, these are large individuals with a strong body structure, the male of this breed gains up to 10 kilograms, and the female eight kilograms of weight.
The Kholmogory breed is a goose breeder for large herds; individuals gain up to 10 kilograms of weight; a female weighing 8 kilograms is capable of laying up to 40 eggs.
Experts recommend that, before starting a business, you consider breeding geese ─ Danish leghart, they breed well, and they consume 20% less feed compared to other birds. The weight of young individuals, two months old, can gain up to 6 kilograms.
Experts recommend the Gorky geese breed in the southern regions of Russia, and the Shadrinskaya breed in the Urals. Starting a business can be done with a breed, Danish Legart, gradually diluting the parent flock with large gray geese. Gradually, with experience, you can crossbreed geese, increasing the ability to lay eggs.
What are the requirements for the premises?
Geese do not require special care; they spend most of the day in the air, but for their residence it is necessary to properly equip the room. For these purposes, you can use any outbuilding (barn, old cowshed) that has walls at least 30 millimeters thick.
The pasture for grazing should ideally be located nearby, as well as a place where the geese can satisfy their thirst, a pond. The size of the poultry house depends on the planned flock of geese. It is very simple to calculate; 1 square meter of area is required per individual. It is necessary to provide passages between the pens. It is advisable that the room should not be lower than 1500-2000 millimeters.
What parameters must be observed in the gooseneck are:
the room must be dry;
get rid of free movement of air (drafts);
keeping geese in winter, this is the presence of bedding on a dry floor.
Geese have weak points in health, these are the beak and paws, so the bedding should be high at least 30 centimeters, usually hay. It must be taken into account that its consumption will be large, so it must be prepared with a reserve. You can buy hay, which will cost an additional 30,000 rubles. A herd of 1000 heads needs about 1 ton of hay.
Goose droppings on the farm are collected and processed into fertilizer; for this purpose, the litter must be sprinkled with superphosphate to prevent the release of ammonia. Be sure to clean the house on schedule.
It is necessary to provide indoor pens in which young animals will be kept and for “fighter” birds. Nests are equipped for geese; they must be located separately from the main herd.
Important! For better incubation, females in nests should not see each other. Improving the ability to lay eggs can be achieved by adding additional enclosures for females.
How to breed geese
The peculiarities of breeding geese lie in their late puberty, as well as in the creation of the necessary conditions for this, these are:
Creation of parent stock. It should include the best individuals from the entire goose family. All indicators of the heredity of the breed and the individual characteristics of the geese are taken into account.
Carrying out culling of geese based on daily weight gain, this is done after 8 weeks. It is advisable to take into the flock geese that produce a weight gain that is several percent higher than the average weight gain of the entire goose family per bird.
It is recommended to staff the herd with specialists based on the age of the individuals. It should contain geese from 1 to 3 years old in approximately equal percentages. About 30% of young animals are needed. A prerequisite is the ratio of geese to ganders, they should be 3 times less.
A goose flock consists of families that live and graze together.
Organizing nests for geese
Nests for geese are made in advance, about 30 days in advance; one individual can lay several eggs in a nest. To equip nests, you need to choose a place on the floor, in corner rooms where there is little light. A prerequisite is the absence of drafts. The female begins to lay eggs from February to May.
Within 30-40 days, males are transferred to intensive feeding with oats, possibly ground grain, and also given animal feed. Obesity of ganders is not allowed.
When a goose begins to behave restlessly, it means it is ready to lay eggs. The frequency of egg laying is once every two days. When it's cold outside, you need to collect eggs in a timely manner. For long-term storage, eggs must be turned periodically.
How to select eggs for the incubator
Breeding geese in an incubator at home begins with the selection of eggs. To do this, they must meet the following parameters:
the egg must be fertilized, it is determined by candling on the 7th day - 80%;
ability to hatch chicks – 60%;
The results of egg incubation largely depend on its external condition, namely:
a dirty egg in the litter spoils faster;
dirty eggs have an increased percentage of goose embryo death;
low hatchability of eggs with litter.
To eliminate these shortcomings, “dirty” eggs must be treated with hydrogen peroxide. Conduct a selection of substandard eggs, which can be determined by the following parameters:
large egg (2 yolks or one, but it is mobile);
the geometry of the egg is incorrect;
cracked eggs;
there is visual damage to the shell;
the presence of blood clots when the egg is looked at through the lumen;
The air chamber is not positioned correctly.
When the eggs are selected, you can begin hatching the chicks.
Artificial way
This type of goose breeding is used when it is not possible to maintain a sufficient parent flock. Geese breeding and egg incubation are carried out in special equipment (incubator). Its sizes can be different, there are also ones for home breeding, they are small. It creates all the conditions for hatching chicks. The main parameter is maintaining the temperature, which is set within 37.5-37.7 degrees. A lower temperature means a longer incubation period for the eggs; the chicks that hatch are weak and less viable. If the temperature is increased, then at first the chicks will grow quickly, then their departure will also be rapid. It is necessary to maintain the temperature recommended by experts.
Air humidity should be optimal and maintained during the incubation process within 62-66%. It is also necessary to take into account good ventilation in the incubator room. Embryonic goslings consume 10 times more oxygen than other birds. For these purposes, forced ventilation is installed in the room. The eggs in the incubator are automatically turned, this ensures uniform heating with warm air and prevents the embryo from sticking to the walls of the egg.
After 2 weeks, the incubator eggs begin to be forcibly cooled to 30 degrees once a day, this removes excess heat. Chicks in the incubator begin to break out of the shell on the 30th day.
Natural growth of young animals
When a goose's nest is covered with down, this is a sure sign that the geese have finished laying eggs. During this period, they sit on the nest more. For hatching chicks, preference is given to an adult goose, but for testing, a young goose can be placed on the nest; for this, the following conditions are created for it:
it is necessary to create peace and quiet for 3 days;
the goose should not leave the nest for 3 days;
when she tries to drive the human away from the nest, the test is passed.
Natural incubation involves organizing several nests and creating conditions for them, this is peace and quiet. The main thing is that these nests must be separated by opaque partitions. The clutches are inspected twice during the brooding period on the 11th and 28th day. During the inspection, unfertilized eggs are selected, they are identified by light, when there is no dark spot of the embryo. If there are dark rings inside the egg, this indicates a dead embryo; such an egg is also removed. At the last viewing of the clutch, the eggs with the dead embryo are removed; it is visible in the light as a single dark mass.
The goose's restlessness on the 30th day indicates the end of the egg incubation period; it does not need to be removed from the nest until the hatched chicks are dry. If a heavy breed of geese is naturally hatched, the hen is removed from the nest within 1-2 days, otherwise she will crush the goslings with her weight.
Starting a business for raising geese can begin with the purchase of young animals, that is, day-old chicks from the nearest farm. It must be remembered that goslings are sensitive to external temperature, so in the room where they are kept there must be a constant positive temperature within 27-29 degrees.
An important factor in raising goslings is crowding, this is the opportunity for everyone to get to the feeder. Experts recommend organizing a room at the rate of 10 goslings per 1 square meter, until they reach the age of 30 days. Then the area is increased at the rate of 4 individuals per 1 square meter until they reach the age of 2.5 months.
We must remember that geese actively consume water and climb into the drinking bowl, so at the initial stage you need to monitor the cleanliness of the litter and the amount of water in the drinking bowl.
Let's look at what needs to be done when raising day-old chicks:
the first week, feed 7 times a day (compound feed, buckwheat, corn), you can add chopped, boiled fine eggs;
the food is given wet; on the 4th day, root vegetables or cake are added;
the feeder must have fine chalk or crushed gravel;
Goslings can walk for 30 minutes after the first week; after 2 weeks, goslings can walk for the whole day.
How to sell products
The goose business is now considered a profitable endeavor; the costs of breeding geese usually pay off within the 2nd year of running a business. When the average weight of a goose in your herd is up to 8 kilograms, then upon sale one individual can bring 1000-1200 rubles, and also add profit from goose down.
Geese farms enter into agreements to supply natural filler to pillow factories. In addition to feathers and down, goose droppings are used as fertilizer in agriculture. Preliminary agreements are concluded for the supply of poultry meat and fat to pharmacies. You can sell meat through the market network or through regular deliveries to cafes and restaurants.
How to calculate profitability
The calculation must begin based on individual capabilities, namely:
presence of a courtyard;
what premises can you use for the farm;
how far is the pasture;
construction of enclosures.
We also take into account:
If everything needs to be equipped, then on average, to start a business you will need about 150 thousand rubles.
It is also better to purchase goslings in bulk; it is cheaper; for a population of 500 geese, it will cost 35 thousand rubles.
Feed for geese is also on the list of expenses for a livestock of 500 pieces; you can buy grain at a price of 500 rubles. for 50 kilograms. You need to think about an incubator and other equipment that can be bought for 50 thousand rubles.
The health of the flock is an important issue, and it is better to spend money on vaccinations for birds; for one goose it will cost an average of 30 rubles in the region. Registration of certificates and certificates will add approximately another 30 thousand rubles to the expense item.
The goose flock gains weight quickly, so after 4 months you can already think about selling the products. Experts estimate the payback of a goose flock to be 500 heads in one year.
Self-confidence is the basis for opening any business, and organizing a goose farm requires patience and a competent approach. You need to immediately decide what you want to get in the end, is it breeding geese or fattening them for meat? The main thing, according to experts, is drawing up a business plan and correctly assessing the risks of this business. Poultry farming, according to experts, should also include a love for geese and provide them with all the conditions for successful reproduction and breeding. This business can become both a main and a good help for the family economy; goose meat is a delicacy. It is impossible not to note the ease of this business for novice businessmen. You should definitely find out from the regional administration about the benefits offered in organizing a farm. Which local manufacturers make bird food, consider first the demand options for goose meat, liver down and feathers. Having assessed all your capabilities, you can draw up a business plan and receive a grant for breeding geese in your region.
Did you like the article? Share with friends on social media. networks:Farming and living outside the city is an ideal combination for starting your own business, for example, for breeding certain breeds of birds. To successfully breed birds such as geese, it is necessary to have certain skills, well-equipped production areas (preferably near the house), and constantly monitor the growth, development and well-being of the birds, each of them for the season (from the appearance of the first greenery until the onset of cold weather). ) can bring 7 to 8 chicks to your farm. Breeding geese as a business is quite realistic even for beginners: small investments, high profitability of production, and besides, such a business has a good payback. Young goslings gain weight quite quickly: at 2 months their weight can be about 4 kilograms, and your budget when purchasing feed will suffer slightly, because every three kilograms of feed is equal to one kilogram of acquired body weight.
What can you get from breeding geese?
The goose is a fairly waste-free bird for its breeding business, because meat, eggs, feathers, fluff, fat, and even its droppings are necessary, sought-after products, and what can we say about foie gras, which is recognized as world famous and favorite delicacy? There are certain breeds that are bred exclusively for fatty and tasty livers, and certain technologies for feeding them. This type of bird has a longer life expectancy compared to others, and although this is not relevant in living conditions on a poultry farm, this indicator greatly affects the ability to lay eggs. Geese that have lived to the age of 2-3 years cope with this task approximately twenty percent better than younger ones. The costs of storing goose products in this business are minimal, because the crop is harvested gradually, as needed. The cost of goose meat on small farms is lower than beef, but higher than pork, and its selling price increases accordingly.
Even a beginner can handle the business of breeding geese: the birds are unpretentious, quickly get used to a new place, and they also have excellent immunity, which means you won’t have to spend extra money on their treatment and they won’t need financial insurance. Business with geese can be done in two ways: raising young animals for the purpose of obtaining meat or engaging in their breeding. Small farms usually take the first route, hoping to start breeding birds in the future, and this business does not require large expenses, and the profitability is quite high. The second way is the incubation of eggs along with the sale of young individuals. Most medium and large farms try to combine both options.
It is a mistake to believe that a plan of the same importance is not drawn up for breeding geese, as, for example, when attracting borrowed funds or investors. Any business requires careful preparation: checking the presence of competitors, assessing the demand for a given product, costs and the amount of possible profit. To successfully start poultry farming, you only need to put in a little effort and correctly draw up a business plan for breeding geese.
Poultry farm organization
To start breeding goose as a business, you just need to start by acquiring at least a herd of about 500 heads and choosing a breed for breeding, and here you will have to think, since experts cannot agree on opinions.
Breed selection
You will have to choose between the most popular breeds: Kuban, Emden, Arzamas, Italian white, Rhine white, Toulouse, Gorky, Kholmogory, large gray and Danish legart.
- The Kuban breed of geese has a high egg production - the number of eggs laid can reach 90 pieces). Geese of this breed can be classified as a light type, because the weight of an adult female reaches 5 kilograms, and a male – 5.5-6;
- The Edmen breed is large and fat geese, females gain up to 8 kilograms in weight, and males - up to 10;
- Arzamas geese are resistant to temperature changes and various diseases, in addition, they have excellent quality meat and a relatively small body weight (about 7 kilograms);
- Geese belonging to the Italian white breed are characterized by rapid growth and good weight, reaching 9 kilograms, and very high egg production (up to 50 eggs);
- The Rhine White breed is characterized by good quality meat, a high degree of egg production (45-50 eggs) and average weight (up to 6.5 kilograms);
- Toulouse geese, bred in France, are classified as “liver” breeds. High body weight and fat content are their distinctive features, in addition, they are inactive and cold weather can spoil their health. An adult goose weighs 12 kilograms, and a goose weighs 10;
- The Gorky breed is a meat breed, the weight of a gander is within 10 kilograms, and that of a female is 8, the number of eggs in a clutch is about 50;
- The Kholmogory breed is distinguished by its large size: adult geese gain weight up to 10 kilograms, and geese - up to 8. About 40 eggs can be obtained from a female Kholmogory goose;
- The large gray breed of geese is famous for its strong build and good egg production (up to 40 eggs per clutch), the male weighs about 10 kilograms, and the female weighs about 8;
- Birds of the Danish Leghart breed are the most profitable to keep and breed, because they require approximately 20% less food to feed than geese of other breeds. They gain weight quite well: two-month-old goslings gain about 6 kilograms.
Based on the above, we can recommend the Legart breed to novice goose breeders as a starting breed for business, in the future increasing the livestock with the help of breeds such as Italian white and large gray. To increase the egg production of any of these breeds, you can cross them with a Chinese goose, thereby almost doubling the given indicator for successful business development. For the business of raising geese in the southern regions, geese of the Gorky and Romensky breeds are quite suitable, and for areas with a predominant temperate climate and high humidity - Ural (Shadrinsky) geese.
Requirements for the poultry house and maintenance
Geese need a house to live, but they spend most of the day outside - in the air. Any old wooden building (for example, a barn) or a barn with walls, the thickness of which should ideally be around 3 centimeters or more, is quite suitable as a living space.
Geese love to pinch fresh grass, and they can consume quite a lot of it per day (up to 2 kilograms), and having a pond or pasture next to the poultry house would be a good option. Of course, the size of the room for keeping and breeding geese depends entirely on the number of birds in your business. Despite the low mobility of geese, it is necessary to allocate at least 1 m 2 to each of them. The passage should have a height of about 2 meters, and the height of the room near the walls should be up to 1.5 meters.
The house should be fairly dry and preferably completely free of drafts, since geese do not tolerate high humidity. To comply with this condition, if necessary, carry out minor repairs: repair the roof, and to eliminate cracks in the walls, you can use a mixture of clay and cowshed in a 1:1 ratio.
A dry floor is very important for geese, although low temperatures are not a problem for them; in winter, make sure that they always have bedding at least 30 centimeters thick under their paws. Hay is usually used as a covering material, which is more profitable to harvest with your own hands, but it must be taken into account that its consumption is quite high. Geese have two weak points - their beak and paws, and you definitely need to take care of their cleanliness and dryness. You can not only make hay yourself, but also buy it ready-made, which will cost you 25-30 thousand rubles, and for 500 heads of geese you need to purchase 500 kilograms of hay.
Simple or double superphosphate is perfect for sprinkling bedding to prepare goose droppings for further use as fertilizer. In order for litter to be used as fertilizer, it must not emit ammonia - this is precisely what superphosphates are used for. Clean and disinfect your poultry house regularly to improve litter quality.
Old and young birds, especially those that have just been born and have not reached the age of 1.5 weeks, and “fighters” should be kept separately from the main flock; for this, the room should be divided into several separate parts. Build nests for geese hatching eggs, and it is advisable to fence them off from each other in such a way that the females cannot see each other in order to avoid conflicts. Stock up on boards (slats), the approximate size of which is 60x70 centimeters; make the height of the walls approximately 15-20 centimeters. The heads of geese should not fit through the cracks between the boards; there must be lush bedding at the bottom of the nests, and goose down on top.
For greater egg production, females need to be provided with the opportunity to stay outside for a long time, and specially equipped enclosures can help with this. Small goslings do not require a lot of space - at least 1 m2 is enough, for young birds - at least 5 m2, and for adult birds - from 15 m2.
Breeding
First of all, the success of a business plan for raising geese will depend on the right pairing - it is extremely undesirable to mix birds with related ties, since this can easily lead to a decrease in the weight of adults and the breed will ultimately become smaller, and its distinctive qualities will deteriorate - To comply with this condition, purchase birds from different breeders.
The male is heavier than the female, and another distinctive feature is the “scissors” on the wings - these are 2 small feathers. A goose good for breeding must be quite fighting, because one that the females are capable of killing is considered rejected and is completely unsuitable for further breeding. High-quality birds are the owners of a dozen feathers, called flight feathers, which should be of the 1st and 2nd orders; on their tails there should be exactly the same number of both upper and lower tail feathers.
A male can be useful to the breeding business for quite a long period (8 to 10 years), and there are three, four or even five females for each male. Every year it is advisable to replenish the herd with younger individuals, the percentage of which usually ranges from 20% to 30%.
During the period lasting from late February to early March, females begin to lay eggs. Collect them and place them in a dry place where the temperature ranges from 7 to 13 0 C. They must be positioned vertically, with the sharp end pointing down - in this position they are stored for a maximum of a month, and the eggs should be turned over daily.
It happens that a female lays a large number of eggs, but does not hatch them well - in this case, it is not necessary to cull her. The laid eggs may well be hatched by another hen. It is advisable to achieve litters of the same age. It happens that one of the females sits on eggs a little earlier than the others, in this case only one egg is laid on her, they wait for the other geese, and it is taken away. Evening is the most suitable time to lay eggs in the nest. Upon reaching 10 and 27 days, carefully examine them on an ovoscope and remove all substandard eggs. After 28 days of incubation, sprinkle the eggs with water, and the brood itself will be born on the 30th or 31st day.
If it is impossible to carry out natural incubation of eggs, an incubator is used; instead of a hen, it will provide the eggs with the necessary heat and air humidity.
Feeding
The business plan for a goose farm requires a certain diet for the birds. Feed them immediately after drying out: the sooner they drink and are full, the better this will affect their development. Feed newborn goslings (3-5 days old) every 2 hours, and the diet includes nettles, legumes and cereals, clover and dandelion, chicken eggs with the addition of crushed wheat, oatmeal, barley and wheat bran.
Soaked crushed peas mixed with herbs. Cottage cheese with curdled milk must be present in the diet when breeding chicks. The fermented milk mixture should contain a small amount of fish oil and baker's yeast. It is imperative to monitor the purity of food and water. To avoid splashing, drinking bowls with water should be installed on trays that are covered with metal or wood gratings. Once the chicks reach 10 days of age, you can add a weak solution of potassium permanganate to their drink. Make sure that birds have plenty of water, as they use it for drinking and washing their beaks.
Trays with low sides are perfect for feeding newly born goslings, but on the third day of life you can safely place small wooden troughs to avoid trampling of the food. After the babies have passed the one-month mark, they are already able to eat from “adult” feeders, and over a period of approximately 2.5 months, quite a lot of greens (about 30 kilograms), grains (about 12 kilograms) and other types of feed (approximately 3 kilograms).
In the summer, adult birds must go to the pasture, and if it is not possible to provide them with such walks, then it is necessary to give them a sufficient amount of various greens, be it nettles, weeds and meadow grasses. In winter, it is advisable to replace feed concentrates by at least 30% with coarse feed, such as sifted husks, oat chaff, hay flour and root vegetables. Barley, corn, sugar beets, legumes, chalk, various shells, boiled potatoes and fat should be present in the diet of geese in winter and autumn. From 50 to 70 grams of vitamins can be added to the feed of each bird, and during the mating period, their nutrition should be plentiful and frequent - this increases their egg production and has a positive effect on this type of business. Wet mash will be an excellent breakfast and lunch, and grain feed will be an excellent dinner during this period.
Sales of products
Geese as a business should bring good profits, and the sale of meat, liver, eggs, feathers and down will help the owner of a goose farm in this regard. If the average weight of a goose is in the range from 4 to 8 kilograms, then for such a bird you can get from 600 to 1200 rubles, and the amount of fluff will be approximately equal to 600 grams, which in monetary terms will be about 1200 Russian rubles. If you have the opportunity and desire, you can start producing pillows and blankets from feathers and down; the raw materials can be sold to ateliers and workshops. Summer residents and gardeners are interested in buying goose droppings, but in order to sell it, the veterinary clinic must issue you a certificate. The amount of litter received per day from one bird is around 1 kilogram, and in a year you can earn up to 1 thousand rubles.
Profitability calculation
In this section, we will look at the profitability of raising geese. Let's start with the fact that to build a room for keeping and breeding geese, to repair it and create enclosures for taking birds out for walks, you will have to spend about 150,000 rubles. It is more profitable to buy goslings in bulk - for each you will pay about 70 rubles, and 5 hundred birds will cost you 35,000 rubles, again if you buy one breed of geese. It is advisable to purchase at least several different breeds of goose, which will cost you more. You will have to pay at least 30,000 rubles for hay. Buying grain is not a very expensive expense for this business (for 500 rubles you can buy 50 kg). It will cost you at least 50,000 rubles to buy an incubator, brooder and ovoscope, but it is much more profitable to hatch goslings naturally - with the help of a hen. Goslings that have reached three days of age can already be sold.
One sick goose can cause an epidemic in the entire flock, as a result of which it is advisable to protect the herd and your business from possible losses and spend 30 rubles on vaccinations for each bird - they are given in the summer and autumn. Registration of all necessary certificates and documents for products will cost you 30,000 rubles. Geese gain “marketable” weight (8 kg) by 3-4 months, and in this situation, all your expenses will pay off within a year if you draw up a good business plan for a goose farm. Profitability when breeding geese is generally quite high (at least 75%). Reviews about the goose business indicate that, with fairly high demand, this market segment has not yet been sufficiently developed and all your expenses will be repaid in full.
If you are confident in your abilities, if you have good experience in farming and understand what you want to get from the goose breeding business in the end, then this type of activity is for you. The most important thing is to draw up a business plan for raising geese and assess the possible risks. Prepare suitable production areas and, most importantly, fall in love with these difficult-to-character birds, and then luck will definitely smile on you.
- Capital investments: 300,000 rubles,
- Average monthly revenue: 510,000 rubles,
- Net profit: 156,000 rubles,
- Payback: 2 years!
An example of a business plan for raising geese for sale, which can be used as an example for receiving a grant from the regional budget.
Goal: Obtaining a grant from the regional budget for starting small and medium-sized businesses to create and develop their own business.
Information about the geese raising project
- Project name: Goose breeding business
- Project location: _________________________________
- Description of the proposed project activities: Breeding and rearing of geese on a personal yard.
- Description of the project types of products (works, services): Growing and selling goose meat to the population and enterprises.
Material and technical resources used to implement the project:
- Room for raising poultry (private farmstead)
- Premises for storing feed (private farmstead)
- Industrial freezers for storing poultry meat
- Feed (grain waste, premix, grass)
- Other equipment (welding, electric saw, etc.)
Project strengths
- Availability of own premises necessary for breeding poultry (area 200 sq.m.)
- Experience in this area (more than 10 years)
- Availability of own vehicle (Gazelle vehicle, awning, 2006)
Weaknesses of the project
- Possible bird death
- The need to obtain quality certificates for products
- Rising feed prices
The main problem that the project aims to solve:
Breeding geese as a type of business solves the problem of providing for the population organic poultry meat(geese) raised without the use of growth stimulants.
Planning a goose meat business
Currently, geese are not raised on an industrial level; only private farms are engaged in breeding, which cannot cover the entire volume of demand (in particular, before the New Year, there is a significant increase in prices due to the excess of demand over supply).
Main consumers and characteristics of sales policy
Product sales are planned to be carried out through the sale of goose meat (carcasses) to retail chains specializing in the sale of environmentally friendly products.
Currently, initial negotiations with the company “Azbuka Vkusa” and “Vse Svoe” have been transferred
Some of the products are planned to be sold on the local market, through sales to food industry enterprises (restaurants, cafes, canteens).
Calendar plan
Payback period for a goose farming business
- Capital costs 300 thousand rubles.
- Profit for the current year: 156 thousand rubles.
- Payback period: 2 years.
Total cost estimate for the project:
| No. | Expense item | Amount of expenses (thousand roubles.) | Source of financing | Note |
| 1 | Buying goslings | 90 | Grant | 600 goslings (age 3-5 days), price per gosling 150 rubles. |
| 2 | Stern | 100 | Grant | To mow 1 gosling you need 40 kg. grain flour 122 kg. herbs and 0.5 kg Premix |
| 3 | Purchasing freezers | 110 | Grant | Purchase of 4 industrial freezers Liebherr GTL 4905 |
| 4 | Transport | 50 | Own funds | Ordering a refrigerator to deliver frozen products to customers. |
| 5 | salary | 120 | Own funds | 1 employee spouse / husband and 2 children also actively help with work in breeding geese. |
| 6 | Payroll deductions | 36 | Own funds | Payroll deductions 30% |
| 7 | Energy | 24 | Own funds | |
| 8 | fuels and lubricants | 24 | Own funds | |
| 10 | Total capital investment (line 1+2+3) | 300 | ||
| 11 | Total total expenses (line 4+5+6+7+8) | 254 | ||
| 12 | TOTAL COSTS (line 10+12) | 554 |
In addition to the equipment listed above, in the process of breeding geese on a personal farmstead, tools owned by the beginning entrepreneur will be used.
The purchase of feed (grain flour, premix) will be purchased from suppliers specializing in the sale of animal feed.
The grass will be harvested independently.
Key indicators of the economic activity of a novice entrepreneur
| Indicator name | Unit | Indicator value by year | ||
| Measurements | Previous calendar year | Current calendar year (expected) | Next calendar year (forecast) | |
| The volume of revenue from the sale of goods, works, services. | Thousand rub. | No | 510 | 1 020 |
| Cost price | Thousand rub. | 100 | 200 | |
| General expenses | 254 | 350 | ||
| Profit | 156 | 470 | ||
| For information | ||||
| Average monthly salary per employee | No | 10 | 12 | |
| Average number, employees | Human | No | 1 | 2 |
| Volume of tax contributions to budgets of all levels | Thousand rub. | No | 60 | 120 |
| % survival rate | % | No | 85 | 85 |
| Tax regime | agricultural taxation | agricultural taxation | agricultural taxation |
Note:
The volume of revenue for 2012 is planned based on the following data: it is planned to raise and sell 425 geese (based on a survival rate of 85%), the average weight of a goose is 4.5 kg.
500 goslings will be purchased from poultry farms in the Region
The average selling price is 300 rubles per 1 kilogram.
The volume of revenue for 2013 is planned based on the purchase of 1,000 goslings, hatch rate 85%, price per 1 kg. 300 rubles.
Solvable social problems
- Providing the population with environmentally friendly poultry meat.
- Creation of new jobs.
Indicators for assessing the effectiveness of the project (indicate indicators that can be additionally used in assessing the project).
I guarantee the accuracy of the information provided.
P.S. This business plan for breeding geese was submitted for consideration to the regional center for supporting small businesses, for which a free grant in the amount of 60,000 rubles was allocated.
Video
Raising geese as a business is practically a waste-free business, the profit from which is obtained from the sale of meat, eggs, down and feathers. In this article we will tell you how to properly organize such a business, how much you need to spend on it and how much you can get. Calculations will be made for 50 heads. Read more working ideas for business in the article:
Raising geese as a business
We build a barn and buy goslings
The most important thing that should be present on your territory is a barn for geese. The area of the building must be calculated based on the number of heads. So, the barn must have:
Heated compartment for chicks (1m2 for 20 goslings)
Unheated compartment for adult geese (1m2 per 5 heads)
Nests on high ground (1 nest for 2-3 geese)
Outdoor aviary (3m2 per bird)
After three years, the geese expire and are slaughtered for meat. Therefore, when purchasing 50 goslings, you need to be prepared for the fact that after 3 years you will need space in the barn for 150 geese. With simple calculations we find that we will need a barn of 35 m2 and an enclosure of 450 m2. The construction of such a barn will cost approximately 100,000 rubles.
For the enclosure you will need a chain-link mesh, this will cost another 20,000 rubles. Arranging the barn (heating, lighting, furnishings) – another 40,000 rubles. It turns out that creating primary conditions for raising geese will cost 160,000 rubles.
Buying 50 goslings at an average price of 370 rubles will cost 18,500 rubles. It turns out that you need to invest about 180,000 rubles in the business.
Calculation and purchase of feed
The best food for geese is fresh green grass. But for home growing, they use freshly cut grass mixed with carrots, pumpkin, cabbage, and potatoes. The average daily food requirement for a goose raised for slaughter is 2 kg.
It’s good if you have the opportunity to feed a goose with all this from your garden. The purchase will cost approximately 500 rubles for one goose per month. It turns out that the first year we spend about 25,000 rubles, in the second year the livestock doubles - 50,000 rubles, the third - 75,000 rubles.
Profit process
In a business like raising geese, profit is made in three ways:
Selling eggs
Sale of meat
Sale of down and feathers
If you wish, you can sell the chicks, but we are considering a business without this point of income generation.
Selling eggs
So, as for eggs, a goose produces an average of 40 eggs per year. To renew our population, we will need to keep 50 eggs annually. The rest can be sold. Typically, geese are purchased in a ratio of 1 goose to 3 geese, that is, on average we will have about 37 geese.
They will produce 1,480 eggs annually, of which 1,430 can be sold. The average cost of a dozen goose eggs is 150 rubles. The annual profit from the sale of this product is 214,500 rubles.
Sale of feathers and down
Geese moult twice a year, with a young goose producing 160 grams of down and feathers per year, and an adult - 270 (80 of which are down). That is, in the first year we receive 8 kg of goods from 50 heads, in the second year - 21.5 kg, in the third and subsequent years - 35 kg.
You can sell this product for 1000 rubles per 1 kg. Profit in the first year is 8,000 rubles, the second is 21,500, the third and subsequent years is 35,000 rubles.
Sale of meat
For three years, feathers and down and eggs have been collected from the geese. After this time, the geese begin to lay eggs poorly, so after 3 years they are sold for meat. A goose grows up to 10 kg, and a goose - up to 8. When purchasing 50 heads of geese, you need to be prepared for the fact that profits from the sale of meat will begin to flow only in the third year, and then annually 50 heads of geese will bring about 426 kg of clean meat. In monetary terms, this is almost 213,000 rubles (500 rubles per 1 kg).
Calculations
1 year. In the first year, you need to be prepared for a small profit, since the “harvest” itself is small and meat sales are not yet taking place. The income in the first year from 50 heads will be 222,500 rubles, and the profit will be 197,500 rubles.
2nd year In the second year, income will rise quite a bit due to an increase in the volume of fluff, but the profit will be less than last year due to increased food costs. Still, you will now have 100 geese, instead of 50. Income will be 236,000 rubles, profit - 186,000 rubles.
3rd year. Income and profit at this and subsequent stages will be 462,500 rubles, and profit - 387,500 rubles.
Conclusion
Having spent 205,000 rubles on building a goose coop, purchasing chicks and raising them, you will recoup your investment in the first year. Moreover, the profit at this stage will be equal to the average wage in small and medium-sized cities. Three years after starting your business, you will already reach the average monthly income of a metropolis resident. Whether to expand the farm in the future or not is up to you to decide.
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Organizing your own farm for raising and breeding geese may not be a bad idea. The goose is an unpretentious bird, is not afraid of the cold and is indiscriminate in its food. On some farms, geese are grazed at temperatures down to -20 degrees. With the correct feeding ration, only 1.5 kg of feed is consumed per 1 kg of bird growth. By the age of two months, young animals can weigh 4 kilograms and are ready for sale. Goose meat is very tasty and highly valued by consumers. Hence the price – 250 rubles/kg. Of course, with the right approach, your own goose farm cannot be unprofitable...
How much do goose farms earn?
There are a lot of options for generating income from a farm for breeding and raising geese:
- sale of goose carcass;
- sale of eggs;
- sale of young goose, including day-old goose;
- sale of breeding stock (adult goose);
- sale of offal;
- sales of feathers;
- sale of feed for geese (mixed feed) and equipment for farms (cages, drinking bowls, etc.).
How much can you earn from your own farm? Goose meat on the market in a number of regions costs, on average, 250 rubles/kg. In Moscow, you will not find prices below 400 rubles/kg. Selling just one 4 kg carcass will bring you about 1,600 rubles. We sold 1,000 carcasses and earned 1.6 million rubles.
A daily gosling costs between 130-170 rubles, and each day it is kept increases the price by 6 rubles. We sold 10 thousand goslings and received an income of 1.3 - 1.7 million rubles.
Your farm's most expensive product is goose liver. The retail price of this delicacy often exceeds 900 rubles/kg. An average of 250 grams of liver is obtained from one adult goose. Accordingly, from 1000 geese we will get approximately 250 kg of liver, from the sale of which we will earn up to 220 thousand rubles.
It becomes clear that even a small farm with a working herd of 2000 - 3000 geese can generate good income.
When to start?
Many farmers choose a seasonal scheme for raising goose. This is a cheaper option in terms of starting and quite effective. The herd is raised in the warm season, which means that the cost of heating the premises is eliminated. In addition, in summer, most of the diet consists of succulent and green feed from natural pastures, which reduces the cost of fattening.
One of the disadvantages of seasonal rearing is that the receipt of farm products always coincides with the season of lower meat prices, since many farmers also use this method of rearing. Another disadvantage is that by the beginning of the season you have to additionally complete the herd, purchase young stock (not cheap), re-look for distribution channels for the products, and so on. Also, the farm cannot make money from selling young animals, since the production of day-old goslings begins in winter. In this regard, an all-season farm has some advantages.
Conditions for keeping geese
To maintain a flock of geese of 1000 heads, you will need a room with an area of 750 square meters. m. The norm for one goose is about 1.5 square meters. m. In addition, some part of the area is allocated for utility room. If you are building a summer farm to keep geese, you can construct a regular shed with thin walls. Construction costs in this case will not exceed 400 thousand rubles. While arranging premises for all-season keeping of a herd will require somewhat higher costs for building material (foam blocks or cinder blocks). Construction of a building of similar size will cost 1.0 - 1.5 million rubles.
Among other things, you will have to incur some costs for arranging the premises: purchasing feeders, drinking bowls, bedding material, arranging nests, and so on.
It is also necessary to organize a slaughterhouse on the farm, where poultry will be slaughtered and processed. It is also necessary to install refrigeration equipment where poultry carcasses and eggs will be stored until they are sold.
Which breed should I choose?
The choice of goose breed depends on the direction of the farm's activity. If the farm's specialization is the sale of young geese, then it is most profitable to keep egg-laying breeds of geese. First of all, these are Lindovsky and Chinese geese. These are industrial birds that have high egg production and egg fertility and hatch goslings themselves.
If your goal is the production of goose meat, then the leaders here will be such breeds as: large gray, Kholmogory, Toulouse, Gorky. The carcasses of geese of these breeds are very large. An adult goose gains weight up to 12 kg. Just 6 weeks after birth, the Kholmogory goose weighs 4 kg and is ready for sale. Some farmers do not advise using large breeds as the basis for a commercial herd. The fact is that such breeds have a reduced egg production (no more than 80 eggs per year) and hatch goslings very poorly: the geese crush the eggs with their weight.
Current issues in raising goose
Geese usually lay eggs between January and July. But for industrial farming it is important to get as many eggs as possible. Therefore, there are ways to make a goose lay eggs more often, which increases egg production by 1.5 times. To do this, in mid-July the geese are transferred to a shortened daylight hours. They are put to “sleep” at three o’clock in the afternoon, driven into a dark room. Geese are kept in this mode for up to 20 days. It seems to the bird that winter has come, which means spring is just around the corner - it’s time to breed. Starting in September, the goose begins active egg laying, which lasts 3.5-4 months. The next egg-laying period begins in March.
If you are going to breed goslings, then it is important to take into account such an indicator as the hatching rate of goslings. As a rule, out of 100 eggs, on average, only 70 goslings are hatched (hatch rate is 0.7). Thus, if you plan to get 1000 goslings, you will need to lay 1428 eggs (1000/0.7).
There are certain subtleties with the selection of parent stock. For breeding, much attention is paid to the formation of parental pairs. The most egg-laying geese and healthy meat geese are selected for breeding. Duration of breeding use is about 6-8 years.
According to the age composition of the herd, it is necessary to adhere to the following principle: young animals - 30%, overfledged geese - 25%, geese aged 3 years - 20% and older geese - 25%.
Organizational matters
To maintain the operation of the farm, you will have to hire an appropriate number of workers. Although geese are herd birds and do not require special control, there is still a lot of work on the farm, without which the farm cannot exist. Feeding and watering, walking the herd, transferring young animals, cleaning up litter and collecting eggs, incubating and slaughtering birds - all this is done by farm workers. To service a farm of 1000 heads, 2-3 workers will be required.
Among other things, the farm will need a spacious car, which will transport the farm’s products to the places of sale. Appropriate funds may be required to purchase it.
Finally, you need to decide on the organizational form of the economy. You can sell your products to stores only if you are an entrepreneur. The most suitable form is peasant farming. Registration of a peasant farm requires a minimum package of documents (similar to opening an individual entrepreneur) and takes only 5 working days. As a taxation system, the most suitable is the Unified Agricultural Tax, a unified agricultural tax, in which the farmer pays a tax of only 6% of the organization’s profit.